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commencement meeting

Толкование Перевод

1 commencement meeting

commencement meeting

n
церемония открытия

Англо-русский строительный словарь. Академик.ру. 2011.

Англо-русский словарь строительных терминов > commencement meeting
2 commencement meeting

Строительство: церемония открытия

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > commencement meeting
3 commencement meeting

церемония открытия

English-Russian scientific dictionary > commencement meeting
4 commencement

N

1. आरम्भ

The commencement of the meeting is at 12:00 noon.

English-Hindi dictionary > commencement
5 церемония открытия

commencement meeting

Russian-English dictionary of construction > церемония открытия
6 церемония открытия

commencement meeting

Русско-английский научно-технический словарь Масловского > церемония открытия
7 церемония открытия

1) General subject: opening panel, opening act, welcome ceremony, official opening

2) Construction: commencement meeting

3) Cinema: unveiling ceremony

4) Business: opening ceremony, (здания, сооружания и т.д.) roof wetting ceremony

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > церемония открытия
8 start

start [stɑ:t]

commencement ⇒ 1 (a) début ⇒ 1 (a) départ ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (b) avance ⇒ 1 (c) sursaut ⇒ 1 (d) commencer ⇒ 2 (a), 3 (a), 3 (c) amorcer ⇒ 2 (a) déclencher ⇒ 2 (b) démarrer ⇒ 2 (d), 3 (d), 3 (f) se mettre en marche ⇒ 3 (d) créer ⇒ 2 (f) installer ⇒ 2 (g) débuter ⇒ 3 (b) partir ⇒ 3 (e) sursauter ⇒ 3 (g)

1 noun

(a) (beginning → gen) commencement m, début m; (→ of inquiry) ouverture f; (of journey, race) départ m;

∎ it's the start of a new era c'est le début ou le commencement d'une ère nouvelle;

∎ the start of the school year la rentrée scolaire;

∎ the start of the footpath is marked by an arrow le début du sentier est signalé par une flèche;

∎ £5 isn't much, but it's a start 5 livres ce n'est pas grand-chose, mais c'est un début;

∎ I've cleaned the kitchen - well, it's a start j'ai nettoyé la cuisine - eh bien, c'est déjà ça;

∎ things are off to a bad/good start ça commence mal/bien, c'est mal/bien parti;

∎ my new boss and I didn't get off to a very good start dès le début, mes rapports avec mon nouveau patron ont été un peu difficiles;

∎ it was a good/bad start to the day la journée commençait bien/mal;

∎ it was an inauspicious start to his presidency c'était un début peu prometteur pour sa présidence;

∎ to get a good start in life prendre un bon départ dans la vie ou l'existence;

∎ we want an education that will give our children a good start nous voulons une éducation qui donne à nos enfants des bases solides;

∎ a second honeymoon will give us a fresh start une deuxième lune de miel nous fera repartir d'un bon pied;

∎ the programme will give ex-prisoners a fresh or new start (in life) le programme va donner aux anciens détenus une seconde chance (dans la vie);

∎ to make a start (gen) commencer; (begin journey) se mettre en route;

∎ to make or to get an early start (gen) commencer de bonne heure; (on journey) partir de bonne heure;

∎ to make a start on sth commencer qch;

∎ I've made a good start on my Christmas shopping j'ai déjà fait une bonne partie de mes achats de Noël;

∎ I was lonely at the start au début je me sentais seule;

∎ at the start of the war au début de la guerre;

∎ at the very start au tout début;

∎ (right) from the start dès le début ou commencement;

∎ the trip was a disaster from start to finish le voyage a été un désastre d'un bout à l'autre;

∎ I laughed from start to finish j'ai ri du début à la fin;

∎ the project was ill-conceived from start to finish le projet était mal conçu de bout en bout

(b) Sport (departure line) (ligne f de) départ m; (signal) signal m de départ;

∎ they are lined up for or at the start ils sont sur la ligne de départ;

∎ where's the start of the rally? où est le départ du rallye?;

∎ wait for the start attendez le signal de départ

(c) (lead, advance) avance f;

∎ she has two hours' start or a two-hour start on us elle a une avance de deux heures sur nous;

∎ he gave him 20 metres' start or a 20-metre start il lui a accordé une avance de 20 mètres;

∎ our research gives us a start over our competitors nos recherches nous donnent de l'avance sur nos concurrents;

∎ to have a start on sb être en avance sur qn

(d) (jump) sursaut m;

∎ she woke up with a start elle s'est réveillée en sursaut;

∎ with a start, I recognized my own handwriting j'ai eu un sursaut quand j'ai reconnu ma propre écriture;

∎ he gave a start il a tressailli, il a sursauté;

∎ to give sb a start faire sursauter ou tressaillir qn;

∎ you gave me such a start! tu m'as fait une de ces peurs!

2 transitive verb

(a) (begin → gen) commencer; (→ climb, descent) amorcer;

∎ I've started the first chapter (write) j'ai commencé (à écrire) le premier chapitre; (read) j'ai commencé (à lire) le premier chapitre;

∎ to start doing or to do sth commencer à ou se mettre à faire qch;

∎ it's starting to rain il commence à pleuvoir;

∎ it had just started raining or to rain when I left il venait juste de commencer à pleuvoir quand je suis parti;

∎ she started driving or to drive again a month after her accident elle a recommencé à conduire ou elle s'est remise à conduire un mois après son accident;

∎ to start school (for the first time) commencer l'école; (after holidays) rentrer à ou reprendre l'école;

∎ she started her speech with a quotation from the Bible elle a commencé son discours par une citation de la Bible;

∎ I started my investigation with a visit to Carl j'ai commencé mon enquête par une visite chez Carl;

∎ they started the year with a deficit ils ont commencé l'année avec un déficit;

∎ he started work at sixteen il a commencé à travailler à seize ans;

∎ when do you start your new job? quand commencez-vous votre nouveau travail?;

∎ he started life as a delivery boy il débuta dans la vie comme garçon livreur;

∎ frogs start life as tadpoles les grenouilles commencent par être des têtards;

∎ go ahead and start lunch without me allez-y, vous pouvez commencer (à déjeuner) sans moi;

∎ I like to finish anything I start j'aime aller au bout de tout ce que j'entreprends;

∎ I think I'm starting a cold je crois que j'ai attrapé un rhume;

∎ to get started (person → on task) commencer, s'y mettre; (→ on journey) partir, se mettre en route; (→ in career) débuter, démarrer;

∎ I got started on the dishes j'ai commencé la vaisselle;

∎ shall we get started on the washing-up? si on attaquait la vaisselle?;

∎ to help sb get started in life aider qn à démarrer dans la vie;

∎ let's get started! allons-y!;

∎ once he gets started there's no stopping him une fois lancé, il n'y a pas moyen de l'arrêter;

∎ I need a coffee to get me started in the morning j'ai besoin d'un café pour commencer la journée

(b) (initiate, instigate → reaction, revolution, process) déclencher; (→ fashion) lancer; (→ violence) déclencher, provoquer; (→ conversation, discussion) engager, amorcer; (→ rumour) faire naître;

∎ her article started the controversy son article a été à l'origine de la controverse;

∎ to start legal proceedings engager une action en justice;

∎ which side started the war? quel camp a déclenché la guerre?;

∎ you started it c'est toi qui as commencé;

∎ it wasn't me who started the quarrel/the fight! ce n'est pas moi qui ai commencé la dispute/la bagarre!;

∎ the breakup of the empire started the process of decline le démantèlement de l'empire a déclenché le processus de déclin;

∎ to start a fire (in fireplace) allumer le feu; (campfire) faire du feu; (by accident, bomb) mettre le feu;

∎ the fire was started by arsonists l'incendie a été allumé par des pyromanes;

∎ familiar are you trying to start something? tu cherches la bagarre, ou quoi?

(c) (cause to do → person) faire;

∎ it started her (off) crying/laughing cela l'a fait pleurer/rire;

∎ the news is going to start tongues wagging la nouvelle va faire jaser;

∎ I'll start a team (working) on it right away je vais mettre une équipe là-dessus tout de suite;

∎ if you start him on this subject he will never stop si vous le lancez sur ce sujet il ne tarira pas

(d) (set in motion → motor, car) (faire) démarrer, mettre en marche; (→ machine, device) mettre en marche; (→ meal) mettre en route;

∎ how do I start the tape (going)? comment est-ce que je dois faire pour mettre le magnétophone en marche?;

∎ I couldn't get the car started je n'ai pas réussi à faire démarrer la voiture;

∎ to start the printer again, press this key pour remettre en marche l'imprimante, appuyez sur cette touche

(e) (begin using → bottle, pack) entamer

(f) (establish, found → business, school, political party) créer, fonder; (→ restaurant, shop) ouvrir; (→ social programme) créer, instaurer;

∎ to start a newspaper créer ou fonder un journal;

∎ to start a family fonder un foyer

(g) (person → in business, work) installer, établir;

∎ he started his son in the family business il a fait entrer son fils dans l'entreprise familiale;

∎ his election success started him on his political career son succès aux élections l'a lancé dans sa carrière d'homme politique;

∎ they start new pilots on domestic flights ils font débuter les nouveaux pilotes sur les vols intérieurs

(h) Sport

∎ to start the race donner le signal du départ;

∎ the referee blew his whistle to start the match l'arbitre siffla pour signaler le début du match

(i) Hunting (flush out → hare, stag) lever

3 intransitive verb

(a) (begin) commencer;

∎ the movie starts at 8 o'clock le film commence à 20 heures;

∎ when did the contractions start? quand les contractions ont-elles commencé?;

∎ school starts on September 5th la rentrée a lieu ou les cours reprennent le 5 septembre;

∎ our problems are just starting nos ennuis ne font que commencer;

∎ before the New Year/the rainy season starts avant le début de l'année prochaine/de la saison des pluies;

∎ before the cold weather starts avant qu'il ne commence à faire froid;

∎ starting (from) next week à partir de la semaine prochaine;

∎ to start again or afresh recommencer;

∎ to start all over again, to start again from scratch recommencer à zéro;

∎ calm down and start at the beginning calmez-vous et commencez par le commencement;

∎ I didn't know where to start je ne savais pas par quel bout commencer;

∎ she started with a joke/by introducing everyone elle a commencé par une plaisanterie/par faire les présentations;

∎ I'd like to start by saying how pleased I am to be here tonight j'aimerais commencer par vous dire à quel point je suis heureux d'être parmi vous ce soir;

∎ the book starts with a quotation le livre commence par une citation;

∎ I'll have the soup to start (with) pour commencer, je prendrai du potage;

∎ to start as one means to go on donner la mesure dès le début;

∎ isn't it time you got a job? - don't YOU start! il serait peut-être temps que tu trouves du travail - tu ne vas pas t'y mettre, toi aussi!

(b) (in career, job) débuter;

∎ she started in personnel/as an assistant elle a débuté au service du personnel/comme assistante;

∎ have you been working here long? - no, I've just started vous travaillez ici depuis longtemps? - non, je viens de commencer;

∎ I start on $500 a week je débute à 500 dollars par semaine;

∎ gymnasts have to start young les gymnastes doivent commencer jeunes

(c) (in space → desert, fields, slope, street) commencer; (→ river) prendre sa source;

∎ the neutral zone starts at the river la zone neutre commence à la rivière;

∎ there's an arrow where the path starts il y a une flèche qui indique le début du sentier;

∎ the bus route starts at the station la ligne de bus commence à la gare;

∎ where does the tunnel start? où est l'entrée du tunnel?

(d) (car, motor) démarrer, se mettre en marche;

∎ the engines started with a roar les moteurs ont démarré en vrombissant;

∎ why won't the car start? pourquoi la voiture ne veut-elle pas démarrer?

(e) (set off → person, convoy) partir, se mettre en route; (→ train) s'ébranler;

∎ the tour starts at or from the town hall la visite part de la mairie;

∎ I'll have to start for the airport soon il va bientôt falloir que je parte pour l'aéroport;

∎ we start tomorrow nous partons demain;

∎ the train was starting across or over the bridge le train commençait à traverser le pont ou s'engageait sur le pont;

∎ she started along the path elle s'engagea sur le sentier;

∎ Sport only four horses started quatre chevaux seulement ont pris le départ

(f) (prices) démarrer;

∎ houses here start at $100,000 ici, le prix des maisons démarre à 100 000 dollars;

∎ return fares start from £299 on trouve des billets aller retour à partir de 299 livres

(g) (jump involuntarily → person) sursauter; (→ horse) tressaillir, faire un soubresaut; (jump up) bondir;

∎ he started in surprise il a tressailli de surprise;

∎ she started from her chair elle bondit de sa chaise;

∎ to start out of one's sleep se réveiller en sursaut

(h) (gush) jaillir, gicler;

∎ tears started to his eyes les larmes lui sont montées aux yeux

4 for a start adverb

pour commencer, d'abord

5 for starts adverb

American familiar pour commencer, d'abord

6 to start with adverb

(a) (firstly) pour commencer, d'abord;

∎ to start with, my name isn't Jo pour commencer ou d'abord, je ne m'appelle pas Jo

(b) (in the beginning) au début;

∎ there were only six members to start with il n'y avait que six membres au début;

∎ she was an architect to start with, then a journalist elle a d'abord été architecte, puis journaliste

►► Computing start bit bit m de départ;

Computing start button (in Windows) bouton m Démarrer;

Computing start code code m de départ

➲ start back intransitive verb

(a) (turn back) rebrousser chemin

(b) (start again) recommencer;

∎ the children start back at school tomorrow c'est la rentrée scolaire demain

➲ start in on inseparable transitive verb

s'attaquer à;

∎ I started in on the pile of mail je me suis attaqué à la pile de courrier;

∎ once he starts in on liberty and democracy, there's no stopping him une fois qu'il est lancé sur le sujet de la liberté et de la démocratie, il n'y a plus moyen de l'arrêter;

∎ familiar to start in on sb s'en prendre à qn^□, tomber à bras raccourcis sur qn

➲ start off

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (begin → book, meeting, show) commencer;

∎ she started the meeting off with introductions elle a commencé la réunion en faisant les présentations

(b) (person → on task, in business)

∎ here's some wool to start you off voici de la laine pour commencer;

∎ he lent us a couple of thousand pounds to start us off il nous a prêté quelques milliers de livres pour nous aider à démarrer;

∎ the pianist played a few bars to start them off le pianiste a joué quelques mesures d'introduction

(c) (set off) déclencher;

∎ what started the alarm off? qu'est-ce qui a déclenché l'alarme?;

∎ if you mention it it'll only start her off again n'en parle pas, sinon elle va recommencer;

∎ to start sb off laughing/crying faire rire/pleurer qn;

∎ the baby's crying again, what started him off this time? le bébé s'est remis à pleurer, qu'est-ce qu'il a cette fois?;

∎ dad's finally calmed down, don't you start him off again papa s'est enfin calmé, ne va pas l'énerver

2 intransitive verb

(a) (leave) partir, se mettre en route;

∎ he started off at a run il est parti en courant;

∎ when do you start off on your trip? quand est-ce que vous partez en voyage?

(b) (begin → speech, film) commencer;

∎ it starts off with a description of the town ça commence par une description de la ville;

∎ start off with a summary of the problem commencez par un résumé du problème;

∎ she started off by talking about… elle commença en parlant de…;

∎ the interview started off badly/well l'entretien a mal/bien commencé;

∎ I started off agreeing with him au début, j'étais d'accord avec lui

(c) (in life, career) débuter;

∎ he started off as a cashier il a débuté comme caissier;

∎ she started off as a Catholic elle était catholique à l'origine;

∎ you're starting off with all the advantages vous partez avec tous les avantages

➲ start on inseparable transitive verb

(a) (begin → essay, meal) commencer; (→ task, dishes) se mettre à; (→ new bottle, pack) entamer;

∎ they had already started on their dessert ils avaient déjà commencé à manger ou entamé leur dessert;

∎ after they'd searched the car they started on the luggage après avoir fouillé la voiture, ils sont passés aux bagages

(b) (attack, berate) s'en prendre à;

∎ don't start on me, I'm not to blame! ne t'en prends pas à moi, ce n'est pas de ma faute!

➲ start out intransitive verb

(a) (begin journey) partir, se mettre en route

(b) (begin career) débuter;

∎ he started out as a cashier il a débuté comme caissier;

∎ she started out as a Catholic elle était catholique à l'origine;

∎ he started out in business with his wife's money il s'est lancé dans les affaires avec l'argent de sa femme;

∎ when she started out there were only a few women lawyers quand elle a commencé sa carrière, il y avait très peu de femmes avocats

(c) (intend)

∎ he started out to write a novel au départ il voulait écrire un roman

➲ start over American

1 intransitive verb

recommencer (depuis le début)

2 separable transitive verb

recommencer (depuis le début)

➲ start up

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (establish, found → business, school, political party) créer, fonder; (→ restaurant, shop) ouvrir

(b) (set in motion → car, motor) faire démarrer; (→ machine) mettre en marche; (→ computer) mettre en route; (→ program) lancer, démarrer

2 intransitive verb

(a) (guns, music, noise, band) commencer; (wind) se lever;

∎ the applause started up again les applaudissements ont repris

(b) (car, motor) démarrer, se mettre en marche; (machine) se mettre en marche; (computer, program) se mettre en route

(c) (set up business) se lancer, s'installer, s'établir;

∎ he decided to start up by himself il a décidé de se mettre à son compte

ⓘ I've started so I'll finish Le jeu télévisé britannique Mastermind fut diffusé de 1972 à 1997. Les concurrents de ce jeu portant sur la culture générale devaient répondre au plus grand nombre de questions possible en l'espace de deux minutes. Si l'animateur était en train de poser une question lorsque retentissait la sonnerie qui annonçait la fin du temps imparti, il prononçait rituellement ces mots ("j'ai commencé, je vais donc finir") avant de finir de lire la question au concurrent. Aujourd'hui, on utilise cette phrase par allusion au jeu télévisé lorsqu'on est interrompu.

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > start
9 comienzo

m.

start, beginning, kickoff.

a comienzos del siglo XX at the beginning of the twentieth century

dar comienzo (a algo) to start (something), to begin (something)

pres.indicat.

1^st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: comenzar.

* * *

comienzo

► nombre masculino

1 start, beginning

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

a comienzos de at the beginning of

dar comienzo to begin, start

estar en sus comienzos to be in its early stages

* * *

noun m.

start, beginning

* * *

SM

1) (=principio) [de película, historia, partido] beginning, start; [de proyecto, plan] beginning; [de enfermedad] onset

desde el comienzo supe que el asesino era el mayordomo — I knew the butler was the murderer from the beginning o the start

ese fue el comienzo de una serie de desastres — that was the first in a series of disasters

al comienzo: al comienzo no entendía nada — at first I didn't understand anything

al comienzo de la primavera — in early Spring, at the start of Spring

los comienzos: en los comienzos de este siglo — at the beginning of this century

en los comienzos del proceso democrático — in the early o initial stages of the democratic process

una etapa muy difícil en sus comienzos — a very difficult stage, initially

2)

dar comienzo — [acto, curso] to start, begin, commence frm

la ceremonia dio comienzo a las cinco de la tarde — the ceremony started o began o frm commenced at five o'clock

3)

dar comienzo a — [+ acto, ceremonia] to begin, start; [+ carrera] to start; [+ etapa] to mark the beginning of

su último libro daba comienzo a una nueva etapa — his last book marked the beginning of a new phase

el director dio comienzo al curso académico — the headmaster inaugurated the academic year

* * *

masculino beginning

al comienzo — at first, in the beginning

el proceso fue muy lento en sus comienzos — initially, the process was very slow

los comienzos son siempre difíciles — the first months (o steps etc) are always difficult

dar comienzo — to begin

dar comienzo a algo — persona to begin something; ceremonia/acto to mark the beginning of something

* * *

= beginning, inception, starting, commencement, onset, start, initiation, dawning, input stage, kick-off, eruption, startup [start-up], start time, opening.

Ex. In addition, synthesis often requires the use of a facet indicator, which marks the beginning of a new facet for example.

Ex. Automated cataloging support systems, with any pretense to sophistication, did not begin to appear until the inception of the LC/MARC II (Library of Congress/Machine-Readable Cataloging) project in late 1967.

Ex. The information seeking patterns of a variety of academic social scientists were broken down into 6 characteristics: starting; chaining; browsing; differentiating; monitoring; and extracting.

Ex. The development of the course since its commencement is reviewed, and the reasons for changes in the course structure are discussed.

Ex. In the 1980s came the onset of the 'new' immigration from Eastern and Southern Europe.

Ex. Olle is right, however, in implying that after a slow start interest in, and writing about, official publishing in Britain has increased dramatically in recent years.

Ex. The increase in emphasis on regional cooperation has resulted in the initiation of many regional projects.

Ex. The Internet heralds the dawning of a new information age = Internet premoniza el amanecer de una nueva era de la información.

Ex. To rephrase this in terms already used, they involve effort at the input stage in order to reduce effort at the output stage = Expresando esto con términos ya usados, suponen un esfuerzo en la etapa inicial con objeto de reducir el esfuerzo en la etapa final.

Ex. The cooperative venture 'StoryLines America' joins libraries and public radio in smash kick-off.

Ex. Information on the news items relevant to 'mad cow disease' was collected for a period of 100 days starting very close to the eruption of the crisis.

Ex. This article presents some practical tips to help users of DIALOG's DIALOGLINK including buffer size, screen speed-up, startup short cuts, type-ahead buffer and use of DIALOGLING with other services.

Ex. Reservations are held for 20 minutes after the slated event start time.

Ex. Some of the common auxiliaries are allocated notations in which the facet indicators possess both an opening and a closure sign.

----

* abocado al fracaso desde el comienzo = doomed from + the beginning, doomed from + the outset, doomed from + the start.

* a comienzos de + Expresión Temporal = early + Expresión Temporal, the.

* a comienzos de + Fecha = in the early + Fecha, in the early part of + Fecha.

* a comienzos de + Período de Tiempo = by the turn of + Período de Tiempo, at the turn of + Período de Tiempo.

* al comienzo = early on, at the outset, to start with, at startup.

* al comienzo de = at the start (of), in the early days (of), at the outbreak of, at the onset of, early in.

* comienzo de la guerra = outbreak of the war, breakout of + the war.

* comienzo de la menstruación = menarche.

* comienzo difícil = bumpy start.

* comienzo fallido = false start.

* comienzos = early days.

* comienzo tardío = late start.

* condenado al fracaso desde el comienzo = doomed from + the beginning, doomed from + the outset, doomed from + the start.

* dar comienzo a = give + a start to.

* dar un comienzo a = give + a start to.

* de comienzos de + Expresión Temporal = earliest + Expresión Temporal.

* desde el comienzo = from the outset, from the start, from the beginning, ab initio, from the word go, from the word get-go.

* desde el comienzo de los tiempos = since the beginning of time, from the beginning of time, since time began.

* desde los comienzos = from an early stage.

* desde sus comienzos = from + its/their + inception, from + its/their + beginnings, since + its/their + beginnings, since + its/their + inception.

* en los comienzos de = at the birth of.

* en + Posesivo + comienzos = in + Posesivo + early days, in + Posesivo + early years.

* en sus comienzos = budding.

* fecha de comienzo = starting date, beginning date, date of commencement.

* hora de comienzo = starting time, start time.

* indicador de comienzo de subcampo = delimiter sign.

* los comienzos de = the dawn of.

* marcar el comienzo = usher in.

* nuevo comienzo = new beginning, clean slate, new leaf.

* posición de comienzo = offset value.

* predestinado al fracaso desde el comienzo = doomed to + failure from its inception, doomed to + failure.

* tener programado su comienzo = be scheduled to start.

* tener un comienzo tardío

* un nuevo comienzo = a fresh start.

* * *

masculino beginning

al comienzo — at first, in the beginning

el proceso fue muy lento en sus comienzos — initially, the process was very slow

los comienzos son siempre difíciles — the first months (o steps etc) are always difficult

dar comienzo — to begin

dar comienzo a algo — persona to begin something; ceremonia/acto to mark the beginning of something

* * *

= beginning, inception, starting, commencement, onset, start, initiation, dawning, input stage, kick-off, eruption, startup [start-up], start time, opening.

Ex: In addition, synthesis often requires the use of a facet indicator, which marks the beginning of a new facet for example.

Ex: Automated cataloging support systems, with any pretense to sophistication, did not begin to appear until the inception of the LC/MARC II (Library of Congress/Machine-Readable Cataloging) project in late 1967.

Ex: The information seeking patterns of a variety of academic social scientists were broken down into 6 characteristics: starting; chaining; browsing; differentiating; monitoring; and extracting.

Ex: The development of the course since its commencement is reviewed, and the reasons for changes in the course structure are discussed.

Ex: In the 1980s came the onset of the 'new' immigration from Eastern and Southern Europe.

Ex: Olle is right, however, in implying that after a slow start interest in, and writing about, official publishing in Britain has increased dramatically in recent years.

Ex: The increase in emphasis on regional cooperation has resulted in the initiation of many regional projects.

Ex: The Internet heralds the dawning of a new information age = Internet premoniza el amanecer de una nueva era de la información.

Ex: To rephrase this in terms already used, they involve effort at the input stage in order to reduce effort at the output stage = Expresando esto con términos ya usados, suponen un esfuerzo en la etapa inicial con objeto de reducir el esfuerzo en la etapa final.

Ex: The cooperative venture 'StoryLines America' joins libraries and public radio in smash kick-off.

Ex: Information on the news items relevant to 'mad cow disease' was collected for a period of 100 days starting very close to the eruption of the crisis.

Ex: This article presents some practical tips to help users of DIALOG's DIALOGLINK including buffer size, screen speed-up, startup short cuts, type-ahead buffer and use of DIALOGLING with other services.

Ex: Reservations are held for 20 minutes after the slated event start time.

Ex: Some of the common auxiliaries are allocated notations in which the facet indicators possess both an opening and a closure sign.

* abocado al fracaso desde el comienzo = doomed from + the beginning, doomed from + the outset, doomed from + the start.

* a comienzos de + Expresión Temporal = early + Expresión Temporal, the.

* a comienzos de + Fecha = in the early + Fecha, in the early part of + Fecha.

* a comienzos de + Período de Tiempo = by the turn of + Período de Tiempo, at the turn of + Período de Tiempo.

* al comienzo = early on, at the outset, to start with, at startup.

* al comienzo de = at the start (of), in the early days (of), at the outbreak of, at the onset of, early in.

* comienzo de la guerra = outbreak of the war, breakout of + the war.

* comienzo de la menstruación = menarche.

* comienzo difícil = bumpy start.

* comienzo fallido = false start.

* comienzos = early days.

* comienzo tardío = late start.

* condenado al fracaso desde el comienzo = doomed from + the beginning, doomed from + the outset, doomed from + the start.

* dar comienzo a = give + a start to.

* dar un comienzo a = give + a start to.

* de comienzos de + Expresión Temporal = earliest + Expresión Temporal.

* desde el comienzo = from the outset, from the start, from the beginning, ab initio, from the word go, from the word get-go.

* desde el comienzo de los tiempos = since the beginning of time, from the beginning of time, since time began.

* desde los comienzos = from an early stage.

* desde sus comienzos = from + its/their + inception, from + its/their + beginnings, since + its/their + beginnings, since + its/their + inception.

* en los comienzos de = at the birth of.

* en + Posesivo + comienzos = in + Posesivo + early days, in + Posesivo + early years.

* en sus comienzos = budding.

* fecha de comienzo = starting date, beginning date, date of commencement.

* hora de comienzo = starting time, start time.

* indicador de comienzo de subcampo = delimiter sign.

* los comienzos de = the dawn of.

* marcar el comienzo = usher in.

* nuevo comienzo = new beginning, clean slate, new leaf.

* posición de comienzo = offset value.

* predestinado al fracaso desde el comienzo = doomed to + failure from its inception, doomed to + failure.

* tener programado su comienzo = be scheduled to start.

* tener un comienzo tardío

* un nuevo comienzo = a fresh start.

* * *

comienzo

masculine

beginning

al comienzo at first, in the beginning

el proceso fue muy lento en sus comienzos initially, the process was very slow

dio comienzo al año lectivo it marked the beginning of the academic year

dieron comienzo a la función con la tocata they began the performance with the toccata

el concierto dará comienzo a las nueve the concert will begin at 9 o'clock

los comienzos son siempre difíciles the first months ( o steps etc) are always difficult

* * *

Del verbo comenzar: ( conjugate comenzar)

comienzo es:

1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

Multiple Entries:
comenzar
comienzo
comenzar ( conjugate comenzar) verbo transitivo
to begin, commence (frml)
verbo intransitivo
to begin;
◊ al comienzo el día at the beginning of the day;

comienzo haciendo algo/por hacer algo to begin by doing sth;
comienzo a hacer algo to start doing o to do sth;
comienzoon a disparar they started firing o to fire;
comienzo por algo to begin with sth
comienzo sustantivo masculino
beginning;
al comienzo at first, in the beginning;
dar comienzo to begin;
dar comienzo a algo [ persona] to begin sth;

[ceremonia/acto] to mark the beginning of sth;
◊ el proyecto está en sus comienzos the project is still in its early stages

comenzar verbo transitivo & verbo intransitivo to begin, start
(a realizar una acción) comenzó a decir barbaridades, he started talking nonsense
(una serie de acciones) comenzamos por mostrar nuestro desacuerdo, we started by showing our disagreement ➣ Ver nota en begin y start
comienzo sustantivo masculino beginning, start
♦ Locuciones: a comienzos de, at the beginning of
dar comienzo, to begin o start

' comienzo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
apertura
- iniciar
- origen
- principio
- iniciación
English:
beginning
- conception
- off
- onset
- opening
- outbreak
- outset
- start
- turn
- commence
- home
- out
- usher

* * *

comienzo

♦ ver comenzar

♦ nm

start, beginning;

lo sabían desde el comienzo they knew from the start o beginning;

y esto es sólo el comienzo and this is just the start;

tuvo unos comienzos poco prometedores it got off to an inauspicious start;

a comienzos del siglo XX at the beginning of the 20th century;

al comienzo in the beginning, at first;

dar comienzo (a algo) to start (sth), to begin (sth);

la función dio comienzo a las siete y media the performance started at half past seven;

el secretario dio comienzo a la reunión the secretary began o opened the meeting

* * *

comienzo

m beginning;

al comienzo, en un comienzo at first, in the beginning;

desde el o

un comienzo from the start;

a comienzos de junio at the beginning of June

* * *

comienzo nm

1) : start, beginning

2)

al comienzo : at first

3)

dar comienzo : to begin

* * *

comienzo n beginning

a comienzos de at the beginning of

Spanish-English dictionary > comienzo
10 Sitzungsbeginn

m commencement of the session ( oder meeting)

* * *

Sitzungsbeginn m commencement of the session ( oder meeting)

Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > Sitzungsbeginn
11 begin

begin [bɪˈgɪn]

(preterite began, past participle begun)

1. transitive verb

commencer (to do sth, doing sth à faire qch ) ; [+ task] entreprendre ; [+ conversation] engager ; [+ policy] inaugurer

• to begin life as... débuter dans la vie comme...

• that doesn't begin to compare with... cela n'a rien de comparable avec...

• I'd begun to think you weren't coming je commençais à croire que tu ne viendrais pas

2. intransitive verb

commencer ( with par)

• let's begin! commençons !

• well, to begin at the beginning... bon, commençons par le commencement...

• that's when the trouble begins c'est là que les ennuis commencent

• it's beginning rather badly cela commence plutôt mal

• before the term begins avant le début du trimestre

• since the world began depuis le commencement du monde

• to begin again recommencer

• he began afresh in a new country il est reparti à zéro dans un nouveau pays

• school begins again on Tuesday les classes reprennent mardi

• beginning from Monday à partir de lundi

• he began in the sales department/as a clerk il a débuté dans le service des ventes/comme employé de bureau

• he began with the intention of writing a thesis au début son intention était d'écrire une thèse

• begin by putting everything away commence par tout ranger

• we only had $100 to begin with nous n'avions que 100 dollars pour commencer

• to begin with there were only three of them but later... au début ils n'étaient que trois, mais plus tard...

• begin on a new page prenez une nouvelle page

* * *
[bɪ'gɪn] 1.
to begin with adverbial phrase ( at first) au début, au départ; ( firstly) d'abord, premièrement

I wish I hadn't told her to begin with — pour commencer, je n'aurais jamais dû lui en parler
2.
transitive verb (p prés - nn-; prét began; pp begun)

1) ( start) commencer [journey, list, meeting, job, game, meal] ( with par, avec); aller à [school]; provoquer [debate, dispute]; lancer [campaign, trend]; commencer [tradition]; déclencher [war]; fonder [dynasty]

it's beginning to rain — il commence à pleuvoir

to begin doing — commencer à faire

to begin a conversation with — engager la conversation avec

he began life as a sailor — il a débuté comme marin

2) ( start to use) entamer [bottle, packet]; commencer [page]

3) ( come first in) marquer le commencement de [series, collection, festival]
3.
intransitive verb (p prés - nn-; prét began; pp begun) gen commencer; [river] prendre sa source

let's begin — commençons

to begin with — commencer par

the week beginning the 25th — la semaine qui commence le 25

your problems have only just begun! — tes problèmes ne font que commencer!

to begin well/badly — bien/mal commencer

to begin again — recommencer

English-French dictionary > begin
12 curso

m.

1 year.

2 course (lecciones).

un curso de inglés/informática an English/computing course

curso por correspondencia correspondence course

curso intensivo crash course

3 textbook (texto, manual).

4 course (dirección) (de río, acontecimientos).

dar curso a algo to give free rein to something; (dar rienda suelta) to process o deal with something (tramitar)

en el curso de una semana ha habido tres accidentes there have been three accidents in the course of a week

la situación comenzará a mejorar en el curso de un año the situation will begin to improve within a year

en curso current; (mes, año) in progress (trabajo)

seguir su curso to go on, to continue

5 trend, development.

pres.indicat.

1^st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: cursar.

* * *

curso

► nombre masculino

1 (dirección) course, direction

■ el curso de los acontecimientos the course of events

2 EDUCACIÓN (nivel) year, class; (materia) course; (escolar) school year

■ vamos al mismo curso we are in the same class

■ un curso de historia a history course

■ ¿cuándo empieza el curso? when do classes start?

3 (río) flow, current

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

dar curso a algo (tramitar) to deal with something 2 (dar libertad) to give free rein to something

dejar que las cosas sigan su curso figurado to let things take their course

en el curso de... figurado during the course of...

estar en curso figurado to be under way

año en curso current year

curso acelerado crash course

mes en curso current month

moneda de curso legal legal tender

* * *

noun m.

1) course

2) school year

* * *

SM

1) (Escol, Univ) (=año escolar) year; (=clase) year, class ( esp EEUU)

este curso empieza el dos de septiembre — this school year begins on the second of September

los alumnos del segundo curso — second year pupils, the second years

es el único chico de mi curso — he's the only boy in my year

curso escolar — school year, academic year

2) (=estudios) course

un curso de informática — a course in computing

apertura/clausura de curso — beginning/end of term

curso acelerado — crash course, intensive course

curso de actualización — refresher course

curso de formación — training course

Curso de Orientación Universitaria — = COU

curso de reciclaje — refresher course

curso intensivo — crash course, intensive course

curso lectivo — academic year

curso por correspondencia — correspondence course

3) [de río] course

curso de agua, curso fluvial — watercourse

4) (=desarrollo) course

un nuevo tratamiento que retrasa el curso de la enfermedad — a new treatment which delays the course of the illness

deja que las cosas sigan su curso — let matters take their course

seguimos por la tele el curso de la carrera — we watched the progress o course of the race on TV

la recuperación del enfermo sigue su curso normal — the patient is recovering normally

• en curso, el proceso judicial está en curso — the case is under way o in progress

el año en curso — the present year, the current year

• en el curso de, en el curso de la entrevista — during the interview, in o during the course of the interview

en el curso de la vida — in the course of a lifetime

en el curso de los años — over the years

5) frm

• dar curso a algo, dar curso a una solicitud — to deal with an application

estaba dando curso a las instrucciones recibidas — she was carrying out the instructions she had received

dio curso a su indignación — she gave vent to her anger

dar libre curso a algo: dio libre curso a sus pensamientos — he gave free rein to his thoughts

dimos libre curso a la imaginación — we let our imagination run wild

6) (Com)

moneda de curso legal — legal tender

* * *

masculino

1) (Educ)

a) ( año académico) year

está en (el) tercer curso — he's in the third year

el curso escolar/universitario — the academic year

b) ( clases) course

un curso de contabilidad — an accountancy course

c) ( grupo de alumnos) year

una chica de mi curso — a girl in my year

- curso acelerado or intensivo

- Curso de Orientación Universitaria

- curso por correspondencia

2)

a) (transcurso, desarrollo) course

en el curso de la reunión — in the course of the meeting

dejar que algo siga su curso — to let something take its course

seguir el curso de los acontecimientos — to follow the development of events

el año/el mes en curso — (frml) the current year/month (frml)

dar curso a algo — (a una instancia/solicitud) to start to process something; ( a la imaginación) to give free rein to something

b) ( de río) course

3) ( circulación)

monedas/billetes de curso legal — legal tender, legal currency

* * *

masculino

1) (Educ)

a) ( año académico) year

está en (el) tercer curso — he's in the third year

el curso escolar/universitario — the academic year

b) ( clases) course

un curso de contabilidad — an accountancy course

c) ( grupo de alumnos) year

una chica de mi curso — a girl in my year

- curso acelerado or intensivo

- Curso de Orientación Universitaria

- curso por correspondencia

2)

a) (transcurso, desarrollo) course

en el curso de la reunión — in the course of the meeting

dejar que algo siga su curso — to let something take its course

seguir el curso de los acontecimientos — to follow the development of events

el año/el mes en curso — (frml) the current year/month (frml)

dar curso a algo — (a una instancia/solicitud) to start to process something; ( a la imaginación) to give free rein to something

b) ( de río) course

3) ( circulación)

monedas/billetes de curso legal — legal tender, legal currency

* * *

curso¹

¹ = course, taught course, year, course unit, grade.

Ex: Earlier in this course we defined a compound subject as consisting, at the level of summarization, of a basic subject and two or more of its isolates.

Ex: During the early 1970s European studies became a fashionable growth area boosted by the trend towards inter-disciplinarity in taught courses.

Ex: General lectures to a whole year, or even several courses, are supplemented with more specialised tutorials or practicals, frequently in small groups.

Ex: This paper discusses the library education programme in the 1st library school in Nigeria to offer the course unit system as operated in the USA.

Ex: Each grade tackles a different genre e.g. fifth graders read historical fiction.

* alumno de cuarto curso = fourth grader.

* alumno de primer curso = first grader.

* alumno de quinto curso = fifth grader.

* alumno de segundo curso = second grader.

* alumno de séptimo curso = seventh grader.

* alumno de sexto curso = sixth grader.

* alumno de tercer curso = third grader.

* alumno de un curso = grader.

* asistir a un curso = attend + course.

* bibliografía recomendada para el curso = course reading.

* calificación del curso = course grade.

* celebrar un curso especial = hold + institute.

* curso académico = academic course.

* curso acelerado = crash course.

* curso a distancia = telecourse.

* curso a tiempo completo = full-time course.

* curso con créditos = credit course.

* curso de clases magistrales = lecture course.

* curso de diplomatura = undergraduate course, honours course.

* curso de formación = training course.

* curso de formación continua = continuing education course.

* curso de iniciación = induction course.

* curso de licenciatura = postgraduate course.

* curso de orientación = orientation.

* curso de reciclaje = refresher course, retraining course.

* curso de verano = summer institute, summer session.

* curso escolar = school year.

* curso inferior = junior class.

* curso intensivo = intensive course, crash course.

* curso intensivo con residencia = residential programme.

* curso introductorio = induction course.

* curso mixto de clases y práctica en la empresa = sandwich course.

* curso modular = modular course.

* curso para alumnos con matrícula libre = part-time course.

* curso por correspondencia = correspondence course.

* curso que abarca varias disciplinas = umbrella course.

* curso que tiene lugar fuera de la universidad = extension course, off-campus course.

* cursos = coursework [course work].

* cursos de gestión de información = management course.

* cursos de verano = summer school.

* cursos en línea = courseware.

* curso superior = senior class.

* cursos virtuales = courseware.

* demasiado mayor para su curso = overage for grade.

* director de curso = course leader.

* discurso de fin de curso = commencement salutatory.

* diseñador de curso = course planner.

* documentación de un curso = course pack.

* estudiante de cursos superiores = upperclassman.

* estudiante de último curso = final year student.

* estudiante universitario de último curso = senior major.

* hacer un curso = take + course.

* material del curso = course material, curriculum material, curriculum resource.

* nota del curso = course grade.

* oferta de cursos = course offering.

* ofrecer un curso = offer + course.

* organizar un curso = arrange + course, run + course.

* primer curso = first grade.

* programa de curso = course program(me).

* programa del curso = course syllabus.

* quinto curso = fifth grade.

* realización de cursos = coursework [course work].

* repetición de cursos = grade retention.

* segundo curso = second grade.

* sistema virtual de gestión de cursos = course management system.

curso²

² = course.

Ex: The course of the race contains many steep hills, often paved with cobblestones.

* bibliografía en curso = current bibliography.

* curso de agua = water body [waterbody].

* curso de un río = course of a river.

* desviarse del curso = veer from + course.

* en curso = in process, underway [under way], in progress, ongoing [on-going], afoot, current, under preparation.

* en el curso de la historia = in the course of history.

* en el curso normal de = in the mainstream of.

* en el curso normal de las cosas = in the normal run of things, in the normal run of events.

* en el curso normal de los acontecimientos = in the normal run of events, in the normal run of things.

* fichero de catalogación en curso = in-process cataloguing file.

* marcar el curso = chart + course.

* moneda de curso legal = legal tender.

* proyecto en curso = work in progress.

* publicación periódica en curso = current periodical.

* publicación seriada en curso = current serial.

* revista en curso = current journal.

* seguir un curso de acción = follow + track.

* trabajo en curso = work in progress.

* * *

curso

masculine

A ( Educ)

1 (año académico) year

está en (el) tercer curso he's in the third year

el curso escolar/universitario the academic year

2 (clases) course

está haciendo un curso de contabilidad she's doing an accountancy course, she's doing a course in accountancy o accounting

3 (grupo de alumnos) year

una chica de mi curso a girl in my year

Compuestos:

● curso acelerado or intensivo

crash o intensive course

● Curso de Orientación Universitaria

(en Esp) ( Hist) pre-university course

● curso por correspondencia

correspondence course

B

1

(transcurso, desarrollo): en el curso de la reunión in the course of o during the meeting

seguir atentamente el curso de los acontecimientos to follow the development of events very closely

es su segunda visita en el curso del año it is her second visit this year

el año/el mes/la semana en curso ( frml); the current year/month/week ( frml)

dar curso a algo ‹a una instancia/solicitud› to start to process sth;

‹a la imaginación› to give free rein to sth

dio libre curso a su indignación he gave vent to his indignation

2 (de un río) course

ríos de curso rápido fast flowing rivers

C

(circulación): monedas/billetes de curso legal legal tender, legal currency

* * *

Del verbo cursar: ( conjugate cursar)

curso es:

1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo

cursó es:

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo

Multiple Entries:
cursar
curso
cursar ( conjugate cursar) verbo transitivo ( estudiar):
◊ cursa segundo (año) she is in her second year;

cursó estudios de Derecho she did o studied o (BrE) read Law
curso sustantivo masculino
1 (Educ)
a) ( año académico) year;

◊ está en (el) tercer curso he's in the third year;

el curso escolar/universitario the academic year
b) (de inglés, mecanografía) course;

◊ curso intensivo crash o intensive course;

Ccurso de Orientación Universitaria ( en Esp) pre-university course;
curso por correspondencia correspondence course
2
a) (transcurso, desarrollo) course;

◊ dejar que algo siga su curso to let sth take its course

b) ( de río) course

3 ( circulación):
◊ monedas de curso legal legal tender, legal currency

cursar verbo transitivo
1 (estudiar) to study
2 (enviar) to send
(tramitar) to process
curso sustantivo masculino
1 (marcha de acontecimientos, río) course
(transcurso) en el curso de estos años he ido conociéndola, I've got to know her over the years
estará listo en el curso de esta semana, it'll be ready in the course of this week
año o mes en curso, current year o month
2 (rumbo, trayectoria) course: cada uno siguió su curso, each of them took his own course
3 (año académico) year
(niños de una misma clase) class
4 (clases sobre una materia) course
5 Fin moneda de curso legal, legal tender
' curso' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
COU
- de
- dinamizar
- entrada
- entrado
- ser
- iniciación
- invertir
- marcha
- nos
- pelada
- pelado
- reciclaje
- retener
- satisfacción
- seguir
- acabar
- acceso
- acelerado
- año
- apertura
- apuntar
- base
- bibliografía
- corriente
- corto
- cursar
- cursillo
- delegado
- dictar
- duración
- elemental
- grado
- iniciar
- inscribir
- inscripción
- pasar
- perder
- preámbulo
- preparatorio
- programa
- repetir
- reprobar
- sacar
- semestral
- semestre
- teórico
- terminar
- torcer
- tutor
English:
A-level
- academy
- advanced
- ancillary
- correspondence course
- course
- crash course
- current
- go along with
- graduate
- intensive
- legal tender
- nature
- ongoing
- PGCE
- postgraduate
- profit
- progress
- required
- sandwich course
- senior
- tender
- year
- bias
- blow
- correspondence
- drop
- form
- foundation
- go
- grade
- home
- legal
- lower
- on
- process
- program
- retrain
- sophomore
- summer
- though

* * *

curso nm

1. [año académico] year;

¿en qué curso estás? what year are you in?

Comp
curso académico academic year;
curso escolar school year

2. [lecciones] course;

un curso de inglés/informática an English/computing course

Comp
curso por correspondencia correspondence course;
curso intensivo crash course;
Educ curso puente = intermediate course which enables a university student to change degree courses
3. [grupo de alumnos] class

4. [texto, manual] textbook

5. [evolución] [de acontecimientos] course;
[de la economía] trend;
el curso de la enfermedad es positivo he has taken a turn for the better;

dar curso a algo [dar rienda suelta] to give free rein to sth;
[tramitar] to process sth, to deal with sth;
en el curso de una semana ha habido tres accidentes there have been three accidents in the course of a week;

la situación comenzará a mejorar en el curso de un año the situation will begin to improve within a year;

en curso [mes, año] current;
[trabajo] in progress;
seguir su curso to go on, to continue

6. [circulación]
billete/moneda de curso legal legal tender

7. [de río] course;

el curso alto/medio the upper/middle reaches

* * *

curso

m

1 course;

en el curso de in the course of

2 COM

:

moneda de curso legal legal tender

3 EDU

:

pasar de curso move up a grade;

perder el curso miss the school year;

repetir curso repeat a grade

* * *

curso nm

1) : course, direction

2) : school year

3) : course, subject (in school)

* * *

curso n

1. (en general) course

una curso de informática a computer course

un curso intensivo an intensive course

2. (año) year

¿qué curso haces? what year are you in?

es una carrera de cuatro cursos it's a four year degree

Spanish-English dictionary > curso
13 पूर्व _pūrva

पूर्व a. (Declined like a pronoun when it implies relative position in time or space, but optionally so in nom. pl.; and abl. and loc. sing.)

1 Being in front of, first, foremost.

-2 Eastern, easterly, to the east of; ग्रामात् पर्वतः पूर्वः Sk.; पूर्वापरौ तोयनिधी वगाह्य Ku.1.1.

-3 Previous to, earlier than; ब्राह्मणे साहसः पूर्वः Ms.8.276.

-4 Old, ancient; पूर्वसूरिभिः R.1.4; इदं कविभ्यः पूर्वेभ्यो नमोवाकं प्रशास्महे U.1.1.

-5 Former, previous, anterior, prior, antecedent (opp. उत्तर); in this sense often at the end of comp. and translated by 'formerly.' or 'before'; श्रुतपूर्व &c.; व्यतीता या निशा पूर्वा पौराणां हर्षवर्धिनी Rām.7.37.1.

-6 Aforesaid, before-mentioned.

-7 Initial.

-8 Established, customary, of long standing

-9 Early, prime, पूर्वे वयसि Pt.1.165 'in early age or prime of life.

-1 Elder (ज्येष्ठ); रामः पूर्वो हि नो भ्राता भविष्यति महीपतिः Rām.2.79.8.

-11 (At the end of comp.) Preceded by, accompanied by, attended with; संबन्धमा भाषणपूर्वमाहुः R.2.58; पुण्यः शब्दो मुनिरिति मुहुः केवलं राजपूर्वः Ś2.17; तान् स्मितपूर्वमाह Ku.7.47; बहुमानपूर्वया 5.31; दशपूर्वरथं यमाख्यया दशकण्ठारिगुरुं विदुर्बुधाः R.8.29; so मतिपूर्वम् Ms.11.147 'intentionally', 'knowingly'; 12.89; अबोधपूर्वम् 'unconsciously', Ś.5.2. &c.

-र्वः An ancestor, a forefather; पूर्वैः किलायं परिवर्धितो नः R.13.3; पयः पूर्वैः सनिश्वासैः कवोष्णमुपभुज्यते 1.67;5.14; अनुकारिणि पूर्वेषां युक्तरूपमिदं त्वयि Ś.2.17.

-र्वम् The fore- part; अनवरतधनुर्ज्यास्फालनक्रूरपूर्वम् (गात्रम्) Ś.2.4.

-र्वा 1 The east

-2 N. of a country to the east of Madhya- deśa.

-र्वम् ind.

1 Before (with abl.); मासात् पूर्वम्.

-2 Formerly, previously, at first, antecedently, before- hand; तं पूर्वमभिवादयेत् Ms.2.117;3.94;8.25;; R. 12.35; प्रणिपातपूर्वम् K; भूतपूर्वखरालयम् U.2.17 'which formerly was the abode', &c.; समयपूर्वम् Ś.5. 'after a formal agreement.'

-3 Immemorially. (पूर्वेण 'in front', 'before', 'to the east of', with gen. or acc.; अद्य पूर्वम् 'till-now', 'hitherto';

पूर्वः -ततः -पश्चात् -उपरि 'first- then, first-afterwards', 'previously, subsequently',

पूर्वम् -अधुना or

-अद्य 'formerly-now.'

-Comp. -अग्निः the sacred fire kept in the house (आवसथ्य).

-अङ्गः the first day in the civil month.

-अचलः, -अद्रिः the eastern mountain behind which the sun and moon are supposed to rise.

-अधिकारिन् m. the first occu- pant, a prior owner.

-अन्तः the end of a preceding word.

- अपर a.

1 eastern and western; कतमो$यं पूर्वापर- समुद्रावगाढः सानुमानालोक्यते Ś.7; पूर्वापरौ तोयनिधी वगाह्य Ku. 1.1.

-2 first and last.

-3 prior and subsequent, pre- ceding and following.

-4 connected with another.

(-रम्) 1 what is before and behind.

-2 connection; न च पूर्वापरं विद्यात् Ms.8.56.

-3 the proof and the thing to be proved. ˚विरोधः inconsistency, incongruity.

-अभि- मुख a. turned towards or facing the east.

-अभ्यासः former practice or experience.

-अम्बुधिः the eastern ocean.

-अर्जित a. attained by former works. (

-तम्) ancestral property.

-अर्धः, -र्धम् 1 the first half; दिनस्य पूर्वार्धपरार्धभिन्ना छायेव मैत्री खलसज्जनानाम् Bh.2.6; समाप्तं पूर्वार्धम् &c.

-2 the upper part (of the body); शकुन्तला पूर्वार्धेन शयनादुत्थाय Ś.3; R.16.6.

-3 the first half of a hemistich.

-अवसायिन् a. what occurs first or earlier; पूर्वावसायिनश्च बलीयांसो जघन्यावसायिभ्यः ŚB. on MS.12.2.34.

-अह्णः the earlier part of the day, forenoon; Ms.4. 96,152. श्वः कार्यमद्य कुर्वीत पूर्वाह्णे चापराह्णिकम् (पूर्वाह्णतन, पूर्वा- ह्णिकः, पूर्वाह्णेतन a. relating to the forenoon).

-आवेदकः a plaintiff.

-आषाढा N. of the 2th lunar mansion con- sisting of two stars.

- इतर a. western.

-उक्त, -उदित a. beforementioned, aforesaid,

-उत्तर a. north-eastern. (

-रा) the north-east. (

-रे dual) the preceding and following, antecedent and subsequent.

-कर्मन् n.

1 a former act or work.

-2 the first thing to be done, a prior work.

-3 actions done in a former life.

-4 preparations, preliminary arrangements.

-कल्पः former times.

-कायः 1 the fore-part of the body of animals; पश्चार्धेन प्रविष्टः शरपतनभयाद् भूयसा पूर्वकायम् Ś.1.7.

-2 the upper part of the body of men; स्पृशन् करेणानतपूर्वकायम् R.5.32; पर्यङ्कबन्धस्थिरपूर्वकायम् Ku.3.45.

-काल a. belonging to ancient times. (

-लः) former or ancient times.

-कालिक, -कालीन a. ancient.

-काष्ठा the east, eastern quarter.

-कृत a. previously done. (

-तम्) an act done in a former life.

-कोटिः f. the starting point of a debate, the first statement or पूर्वपक्ष q. v.

-क्रिया preparation.

-गा N. of the river Godāvarī.

-गङ्गा N. of the river Narmadā; रेवेन्दुजा पूर्वगङ्गा नर्मदा मेकलीद्रिजा Abh. Chin.183.

-चोदित a.

1 aforesaid, above-men- tioned.

-2 previously stated or advanced (as an objec- tion.

-ज a.

1 born or produced before or formerly, first-produced, first-born; यमयोः पूर्वजः पार्थः Mb.3.141. 11.

-2 ancient, old.

-3 eastern.

(-जः) 1 an elder brother; अपहाय महीशमार्चिचत् सदसि त्वां ननु भामपूर्वजः; Śi. 16.44; R.15.36.

-2 the son of the elder wife.

-3 an ancestor, a forefather; स पूर्वजानां कपिलेन रोषात् R.16.34.

-4 (pl.) the progenitors of mankind.

-5 the manes living in the world of the moon. (

-जा) an elder sister.

-जन्मन् n. a former birth. (-m.) an elder brother; स लक्ष्मणं लक्ष्मणपूर्वजन्मा (विलोक्य) R.14.44.;15.95.

-जातिः f. a former birth.

-ज्ञानम् knowledge of a former life.

-तापनीयम् N. of the first half of नृसिंहतापनीयोपनिषद्.

-दक्षिण a. south-eastern. (

-णा) the south-east.

-दिक्पतिः Indra, the regent of the east.

-दिनम् the forenoon.

-दिश् f. the east.

-दिश्य a. situated towards the east, eastern.

-दिष्टम् the award of destiny.

-दृष्ट a.

1 primæval.

-2 declared by the ancients; यथा ब्राह्मण- चाण्डालः पूर्वदृष्टस्तथैव सः Ms.9.87.

-देवः 1 an ancient deity.

-2 a demon or Asura; भूमिदेवनरदेवसंगमे पूर्वदेवरिपुरर्हणां हरिः Śi.14.58.

-3 a progenitor (पितृ).

-4 (du.) an epithet of Nara-Nārāyaṇa; सव्यसाचिन् महाबाहो पूर्वदेव सनातन Mb.3. 41.35. (com. पूर्वदेव नरनारायणसख).

-देवता a progenitor (पितृ) of gods or of men; अक्रोधनाः शौचपराः सततं ब्रह्म- चारिणः । न्यस्तशस्त्रा महाभागाः पितरः पूर्वदेवताः ॥ Ms.3.192.

-देशः the eastern country, or the eastern part of India.

-द्वार a. favourable in the eastern region.

-निपातः the irregular priority of a word in a compound; cf. परनिपात.

-निमित्त an omen.

-निविष्ट a. made formerly, in past; यस्तु पूर्वनिविष्टस्य तडागस्योदकं हरेत् Ms.9.281.

-पक्षः 1 the fore-part or side.

-2 the first half of a lunar month; सर्वं पूर्वपक्षापरपक्षाभ्यामभिपन्नम् Bṛi. Up.3.1.5.

-3 the first part of an argument, the prima facie argument or view of a question; विषयो विशयश्चैव पूर्वपक्षस्तथोत्तरम्.

-4 the first objection to an argument.

-5 the statement of the plaintiff.

-6 a suit at law.

-7 an assertion, a proposi- tion. ˚पादः the plaint, the first stage of a legal proceeding.

-पदम् the first member of a compound or sentence.

-पर्वतः the eastern mountain behind which the sun is supposed to rise.

-पश्चात्, -पश्चिम ind. from the east to the west.

-पाञ्चालक a. belonging to the eastern Pañch- ālas.

-पाणिनीयाः m. (pl.) the disciples of Pāṇini living in the east.

-पालिन् m. an epithet of Indra.

-पितामहः a forefather, an ancestor; अब्रवीद् हि स मां क्रुद्धस्तव पूर्वपितामहः । मूत्रश्लेष्माशनः पाप निरयं प्रतिपत्स्यसे ॥ Mb.12.3.21.

-पीठिका introduction.

-पुरुषः 1 an epithet of Brahmā.

-2 anyone of the first three ancestors, beginning with the father (पितृ, पितामह, and प्रपितामह); Pt.1.89.

-3 an ancestor in general.

-पूर्व a. each preceding one. (

-र्वाः) m. (pl.) forefathers.

-प्रोष्ठपदा = पूर्वभाद्रपदा; Mb.13.89.13.

-फल्गुनी the eleventh lunar mansion containing two stars. ˚भवः an epithet of the planet Jupiter.

-बन्धुः first or best friend; Mk.

-भवः a former life.

-भागः 1 the forepart.

-2 the upper part.

-भा(भ)द्रपदा the twentyfifth lunar mansion containing two stars.

-भावः 1 priority.

-2 prior or antecedent existence; येन सहैव यस्य यं प्रति पूर्वभावो$वगम्यते Tarka K.

-3 (Rhet.) disclosing an intention.

-भाषिन् a. willing to speak first; hence polite, courteous.

-भुक्तिः f. prior occupation or possession; Ms.8.252.

-भूत a. preceding, previous.

-मध्याह्नः the forenoon.

-मारिन् a. dying before; एवंवृत्तां सवर्णां स्त्रीं द्विजातिः पूर्वमारिणीम् (दाहयेत्) Ms.5.167.

-मीमांसा 'the prior or first Mīmāṁsā', an inquiry into the first or ritual portion of the Veda, as opposed to the उत्तरमीमांसा or वेदान्त; see मीमांसा.

-मुख a. having the face turned towards the east.

-याम्य a. south-eastern.

-रङ्गः the commencement or prelude of a drama, the prologue; यन्नाठ्यवस्तुनः पूर्वं रङ्गविघ्नोपशान्तये । कुशीलवाः प्रकुर्वन्ति पूर्वरङ्गः स उच्यते ॥ D. R; पूर्वरङ्गं विधायैव सूत्रधारो निवर्तते S. D.283; पूर्वरङ्गः प्रसंगाय नाटकीयस्य वस्तुनः Śi.2.8. (see Malli. there- on).

-रागः the dawning or incipient love, love between two persons which springs (from some previous cause) before their meeting; श्रवणाद् दर्शनाद् वापि मिथः संरूढरागयोः । दशाविशेषोयो$प्राप्तौ पूर्वरागः स उच्यते ॥ S. D.214.

-रात्रः the first part of the night (from dusk to midnight).

-रूपम् 1 indication of an approaching change; an omen.

-2 a symptom of occuring disease.

-3 the first of two con- current vowels or consonants that is retained.

-4 (in Rhet.) a figure of speech which consists in describing anything as suddenly resuming its former state.

-लक्षणम् a symptom of coming sickness.

-वयस् a. young. (-n.) youth.

-वर्तिन् a. existing before, prior, previous.

-वाक्यम् (in dram.) an allusion to former utterance.

-वादः the first plea or commencement of an action at law; पूर्ववादं परित्यज्य यो$न्यमालम्बते पुनः । पदसंक्रमणाद् ज्ञेयो हीनवादी स वै नरः ॥ Mitā.

-वादिन् m. the complainant or plaintiff.

-विद् a. knowing the events of the past; historian; पृथोरपीमां पृथिवीं भार्यां पूर्वविदो विदुः Ms.9.44.

-विप्रतिषेधः the conflict of two statements contrary to each other.

-विहित a. deposited before.

-वृत्तम् 1 a former event; पूर्ववृत्तकथितैः पुराविदः सानुजः पितृ- सखस्य राघवः (अह्यमानः) R.11.1.

-2 previous conduct.

-वैरिन् a. one who first commences hostilities, an ag- gressor.

-शारद a. relating to the first half of autumn.

-शैलः see पूर्वपर्वत.

-सक्थम् the upper part of the thigh. P. V.4.98.

-संचित a. gathered before (as in former birth); त्यजेदाश्वयुजे मासि मुन्यन्नं पूर्वसंचितम् Ms.6.15.

-सन्ध्या daybreak, dawn; रजनिमचिरजाता पूर्वसंध्या सुतैव (अनुपतति) Si.11.4.

-सर a. going in front.

-सागरः the eastern ocean; स सेनां महतीं कर्षन् पूर्वसागरगामिनीम् R.4.32.

-साहसः the first of the three fines; स दाप्यः पूर्वसाहसम् Ms.9.281.

-स्थितिः f. former or first state.

Sanskrit-English dictionary > पूर्व _pūrva
14 लॄ _lॄ

लॄ f. A mother, a divine female. -m. Śiva. -f. =

लृ. cf. लॄर्महात्मा सुरो बालो भूपः स्तोमः कथानकः (वक्ता) । मूर्खो शिश्नो गुदः कक्षा केशः पापरतो नरः ॥ Enm. एकान्वयो मम Ś.7; मनस्येकं वचस्येकं कर्मण्येकं महात्मनाम् H.1.197.

-4 Firm, unchanged; एको ग्रहस्तु Pt.1.26.

-5 Single of its kind, unique, singular.

-6 Chief, supreme, prominent, sole; ब्राह्मण्यास्तद्धरेत्पुत्र एकांशं वै पितुर्धनात् Mb.13.47.11. ˚पार्थिव, ˚धनुर्धरः, ˚ऐश्वर्य M.1.1 sole sovereignty; एको रागिषु राजते Bh.3.121.

-7 Peerless, matchless.

-8 One of two or many; Me.3. एकः सख्यास्तव सह मया वामपादाभिलाषी Me.8.

-9 Oft. used like the English indefinite article 'a', or 'an'; ज्योतिरेकम् Ś.5.3.

-1 True.

-11 Little. Oft. used in the middle of comp. in the sense of 'only', with an adjectival or adverbial force; दोषैकदृक् looking only to faults; त्वदेकेषु Ku.3.15 your arrow only; so भोगैकबद्धस्पृहः. एकः-अन्यः, or अपरः the one- the other; अजामेकां लोहित... नमामः । अजो ह्येको... अजोन्यः Śvet. Up.4.5; it is used in the plural in the sense of some, its correlative being अन्ये or अपरे (others); एके समूहुर्बलरेणुसंहतिं शिरोभिराज्ञामपरे महीभृतः ॥ Śi.12.45; see अन्य, अपर also.

-कः N. of Viṣṇu. the ऴSupreme Being or Prajāpati; एक इति च प्रजापतेरभिधानमिति । ŚB. on MS. 1.3.13.

(-कम्) 1 The mind; एकं विनिन्ये स जुगोप सप्त सप्तैव तत्याज ररक्ष पञ्च Bu. Ch.2.41.

-2 unity, a unit; Hch.

-का N. of Durgā. [cf. Persian yak; L. aequus].

-Comp. -अंशः a separate part, part in general. विष्टभ्याह- मिदं कृत्स्नमेकांशेन स्थितो जगत् Bg.1.42. एकांशश्च प्रधानतः Ms. 9.15.

-अक्ष a.

1 having only one axle. द्विचक्रमेकाक्षम् (रथम्) Bhāg.4.26.1.

-2 having one eye.

-3 having an excellent eye.

(-क्षः) 1 a crow.

-2 N. of Śiva.

-अक्षर a. monosyllabic. ओमित्येकाक्षरं ब्रह्म Bg.8.13.

(-रम्) 1 a monosyllable.

-2 the sacred syllable; ओम्; एकाक्षरं परं ब्रह्म Ms.2.83.

-3 The sole imperishable thing; एका- क्षरमभिसंभूय Av.5.28.8.

-4 N. of an Upaniṣad. ˚कोशः a vocabulary of monosyllabic words by Puruṣottama- deva. ˚रीभावः the production of only one syllable, con- traction.

-अग्नि a. Keeping only one fire; Āpastamba Dharma Sūtra 2.21.21. (

-कः) One and the same fire.

-अग्र a.

1 fixed on one object or point only.

-2 closely attentive, concentrated, intent; तद्गीतश्रवणैकाग्रा R.15.66; K.49; कच्चिदेतच्छ्रुतं पार्थ त्वयैकाग्रेण चेतसा Bg.18.72; मनुमे- काग्रमासीनम् Ms.1.1.

-3 unperplexed.

-4 known, cele- brated.

-5 single-pointed. (

-ग्रः) (in Math.) the whole of the long side of a figure which is subdivided. ˚चित्त, ˚मनस् a. with a concentrated mind, with un- divided attention. ˚चित्तम्, ˚चित्तता intentness of purpose, concentration of mind; तत्रैकाग्रं मनःकृत्वा Bg.6.12;18.72. °reeदृष्टि a. fixing one's eye on one spot.

-अग्ऱ्य = ˚अग्र. (

-ग्ऱ्यम्) concentration.

-अङ्गः 1 a body-guard.

-2 the planet Mercury or Mars.

-3 N. of Viṣṇu. ˚वधः Mutilation of a limb; Kau. A.4.

-4 Having a unique or beautiful shape.

(-अङ्गम्) 1 a single member or part.

-2 sandal wood.

-3 the head. (

-ङ्गौ) a married couple. (

-ङ्गी) Incomplete; ˚रूपक incomplete, simile.

-अञ्जलिः A handful.

-अङ्गिका preparation made with sandal-wood.

-अण्डः a kind of horse.

-अधिपतिः a sole monarch or sovereign.

-अनंशा the only (day) receiving no part of the moon, an epithet of Kuhū or day of new moon (born together with Kṛiṣṇa and worshipped with Kṛiṣ&na and Bala- deva and identified with Durgā).

-अनुदिष्ट a.

1 left as a funeral feast or one who has recently partaken in it. (

-ष्टम्) a funeral ceremony performed for only one ancestor (recently dead); see एकोद्दिष्ट; यावदेकानुदिष्टस्य गन्धो लेपश्च तिष्ठति Ms.4.111.

-अन्त a.

1 solitary, retired.

-2 aside, apart.

-3 directed towards one point or object only.

-4 excessive, great; ˚शैत्यात्- कदलीविशेषाः Ku.1.36.

-5 worshipping only one; devoted to only one (एकनिष्ठ); एकान्तजनप्रियः Bhāg.8.24.31.

-6 absolute, invariable, perpetual; स्वायत्तमेकान्तगुणम् Bh.2.7; कस्यैकान्तं सुखमुपगतम् Me.111.

(-तः) 1 a lonely or retired place, solitude; तासामेकान्तविन्यस्ते शयानां शयने द्युमे Rām.5.1.5. व्योम˚ विहारिणः Pt.2.2; H.1.49.

-2 exclusiveness.

-3 an invariable rule or course of conduct or action; तस्मादेकान्तमासाद्य Pt.3.7.

-4 exclusive aim or boundary. (

-तम्) an exclusive recourse, a settled rule or principle; तेजः क्षमा वा नैकान्तं काल- ज्ञस्य महीपतेः Śi.2.83. (

-तम्, -तेन, -ततः, -ते) ind.

1 solely, exclusively, invariably, always, absolutely, युद्धे नैकान्तेन भवेज्जयः Mb.5.64.27.

-2 exceeding, quite, wholly, very much; वयमप्येकान्ततो निःस्पृहाः Bh.3.24; दुःखमेकान्ततो वा Me.111; oft. in comp.; ˚विध्वंसिन् sure or destined to perish; R.2.57; ˚भीरु Mu. 3.5 always timid; so एकान्तकरुण very weak &c.

-3 alone, apart, privately. ˚भूत being alone or solitary; विलोक्यैकान्तभूतानि भूतान्यादौ प्रजापतिः Bhāg.6.18.3. ˚मति a. devoted to one object only. ˚विहारिन् a. a solitary wanderer. ˚सुषमा 'containing exclusively good years', a division of time with Jainas. ˚स्थित a. staying or remaining apart.

-अन्तर a. next but one, separated by one remove; द्वन्द्वं दक्षमरीचिसंभवमिदं तत्स्रष्टुरेकान्तरम् Ś.7.27; V.1. (

-रः) a kind of fever.

-अन्तिक a. final, conclusive.

-अन्तित्वम् devotion to one object.

-अन्तिन् a. devoted to one object only; अहो अत्यद्भुतं ह्येतद् दुर्लभैकान्ति- नामपि Bhāg.7.1.15. -m. a worshipper of Viṣṇu.

-अन्नम् one and the same food.

(-न्नः), -˚आदिन् 1 a mess-mate.

-2 One who lives on the alms from only one house; नैकान्नादी भवेद् व्रती Ms.2.188.

-अपचयः, अपायः Diminution by one.

-अब्दा a heifer one year old.

- अयन a.

1 passable for only one (as a foot-path) Mb.3.

-2 fixing one's thoughts on one object, closely attentive, intent; see एकाग्र.

(-नम्) 1 a lonely or retired place; एकायनगतः पथि Mb.1.176.5; Rām. 3.67.23.

-2 a meeting-place, rendezvous. सर्वासामपां समुद्र एकायनम् Bṛi. Up.2.4.11.

-3 union of thoughts.

-4 monotheism.

-5 the sole object; सा स्नेहस्य एकायनीभूता M.2.14; एकायनीभूय Mv.4 with one accord, unani- mously.

-6 One and the same way, similarity; एकमेवायनगताः प्लवमाना गिरेर्गिरम् Rām.4.2.9.

-7 Worldly wisdom (नीतिशास्त्र); नाम वै एकायनम् Ch. Up.7.1.2. ˚गत = एकायन q. v. तरुणः सुकृतैर्युक्त एकायनगतश्च ह Mb.7.12.22. ˚स्थः With only one resource open, driven to extremity; शूरश्चैकायनस्थश्च किमन्यत्प्रतिपद्यते Pratijñā.1.7.

-अर्णवः general flood, universal deluge; अयं ह्युत्सहते क्रुद्धः कर्तुमे- कार्णवं जगत् Rām.5.49.2.

-अर्थ a.

1 having one and the same meaning, having the same object in view; राजन्यकान्युपायज्ञैरेकार्थानि चरैस्तव Śi.2.114.

-2 (Rhet.) Tautological (as a sentence); Kāvyālaṅkāravṛitti. 2.1.11.

(-र्थः) 1 the same thing, object, or intention.

-2 the same meaning.

-3 N. of a glossary (of synonymous words); cf. एकार्थनाममाला.

- अवम a. inferior or less by one.

- अवयव a. made up of the same components.

-अशीत or ˚तितम a. eighty-first.

-अशीतिः f. eighty-one.

-अष्टका 1 the first or chief Aṣṭakā after the full moon; एकाष्टके सुप्रजसः सुवीरा Av.3.1.5.

-2 the eighth day of the dark fortnight in the month of Māgha (on which a श्राद्ध is to be performed).

-अष्ठीका (ला) The root of the trumpet-flower (Mar. पहाडमूळ).

-अष्ठील a. having one kernel. (

-लः) N. of a plant (बकवृक्ष); A white variety of Gigantic swallow- wort (Mar. रुईमांदार).

-अहन् (ह) 1 the period of one day.

-2 a sacrifice lasting for one day. ˚गमः, ˚अध्वा a day's journey.

-आतपत्र a. characterized by only one umbrella (showing universal sovereignty); एकातपत्रं जगतः प्रभुत्वम् R.2.47. ˚त्रां भुवम् 18.4; K.26; Śi.12. 33; V.3.19.

-आत्मन् a. depending solely on one-self, solitary.

-आदेशः cf. Sk. on P.VI.1.11. one substitute for two or more letters (got by either dropping one vowel, or by the blending of both); as the आ in एकायन.

-आयु a.

1 providing the most excellent food.

-2 the first living being. एकायुरग्रे विश आविवाससि Rv.1.31.5.

-आवलिः, -ली f.

1 a single string of pearls, beads &c.; सूत्रमेकावली शुद्धा Kau. A.2.11. एका- वली कण्ठविभूषणं वः Vikr.1.3; लताविटपे एकावली लग्ना V.1.

-2 (in Rhetoric) Necklace- a series of statements in which there is a regular transition from a predicate to a subject, or from a subject to a predicate; स्थाप्यते$पोह्यते वापि यथापूर्वं परस्परम् । विशेषणतया यत्र वस्तु सैकावली द्विधा ॥ K. P.1; cf. Chandr.5.13-4; नेत्रे कर्णान्तविश्रान्ते कर्णो दोःस्तम्भदोलितौ &c. and Bk.2.19.

-आहार्य a. having the same food; making no difference between allowed and forbidden food; एकहार्यं युगं सर्वम् Mb.3.19.41.

-उक्तिः f. a single expression or word.

-उत्तर a. greater or increasing by one.

-उदकः (a relative) connected by the offering of funeral libations of water to the same deceased ancestor; जन्मन्येकोदकानां तु त्रिरात्राच्छुद्धिरिष्यते Ms.5.71.

-उदरः, -रा uterine, (brother or sister).

-उदात्त a. having one Udātta accent.

-उद्दिष्टम् a Śrāddha or funeral rite performed for one definite individual deceased, not including other ancestors; see एकानुदिष्ट.

-ऊन a. less by one, minus one.

-ऋच् a. consisting of one verse (ऋच्). (

-चम्) A Sūkta of one verse only; Av.19.23.2.

-एक a. one by one, one taken singly, a single one; एकैकमप्यनर्थाय किमु यत्र चतुष्टयम् H. Pr.11; R.17.43.

(-कम्), -एकैकशः, ind. one by one, singly, severally एकैकमत्र दिवसे दिवसे Ś.6.11; ˚कं निर्दिशन् Ś.7 pointing to each severally.

-श्यम् (एककश्यम्) Single state, severally एकैकश्येनानुपूर्वं भूत्वा भूत्वेह जायते Bhāg.7.15.51.

-˚श्येन (instrumental used as an adv.) individually, singly, one by one. ते यदि एकैकश्येनापि कुर्वन्ति तथापि सत्रक्रियामभिसमीक्ष्य बहव एव कुर्वन्तीति बहुवचनं भविष्यति । ŚB on MS.1.6.45.

-ओघः 1 a continuous current.

-2 A single flight (of arrows); एकौघेन स्वर्णपुङ्खैर्द्विषन्तः (आकिरन्ति स्म) Śi. 18.55.

-कपाल a. consisting of or contained in one cup.

-कर a. (

-री f.)

1 doing only one thing.

-2 (-रा) one-handed.

-3 one-rayed.

-कार्य a.

1 acting in concert with, co-operating, having made common cause with; co-worker; अस्माभिः सहैककार्याणाम् Mu.2; R.1.4.

-2 answering the same end.

-3 having the same occu- pation. (

-र्यम्) sole or same business.

-कालः 1 one time.

-2 the same time, (

-लम्, -ले) ind. at one time, at one and the same time; एककालं चरेद्भैक्षम् Ms.6.55. ˚भोजनम् eating but one meal in any given time.

-कालिकम् Once a day; तेभ्यो लब्धेन भैक्ष्येण वर्तयन्नेककालिकम् Ms.11.123.

-कालीन a.

1 happening once only;

-2 Contemporary, coeval.

-कुण्डलः (लिन्) N. of Kubera; of Balabhadra and Śeṣa; गर्गस्रोतो महातीर्थमाजगामैककुण्डली Mb.9.37.14. cf. एककुण्डल आख्यातो बलरामे धनाधिपे Medini.

-कुष्ठम् a kind of leprosy; कृष्णारुणं येन भवे- च्छरीरं तदेककुष्ठं प्रवदन्त्यसाध्यम् Suśr.

-क्षीरम् the milk of one (nurse &c.).

-गम्यः the supreme spirit.

-गुरु, गुरुक a. having the same preceptor. (

-रुः, -रुकः) a spiritual brother (pupil of the same preceptor).

-ग्राम a. living in the same village. (

-मः) the same village.

-ग्रामीण a. Inhabiting the same village; नैकग्रामीणमतिथिम् Ms.3.13.

-चक्र a.

1 having only one wheel. (said of the sun's chariot); सप्त युञ्जन्ति रथमेक- चक्रम् Rv.1.164.2.

-2 governed by one king only. (

-क्रः) the chariot of the sun. ˚वर्तिन् m. sole master of the whole universe, universal monarch. (

-क्रा) N. of the town Kīchakas.

-चत्वारिंशत् f. forty-one.

-चर a.

1 wandering or living alone, alone; अयमेकचरो$ भिवर्तते माम् Ki.13.3;3.53. Kau. A.1.18. स्वच्छन्दमेकचरं Mudrā.

-2 having one attendant.

-3 living un- assisted.

-4 going together or at the same time.

-5 gregarious.

-6 (Said of certain animals); न भक्षयेदेकचरान् Ms.5.17; Bhāg.5.8.18.

(-रः) 1 a rhinoceros.

-2 An ascetic (यति); नाराजके जनपदे चरत्येकचरो वशी Rām.2.67.23.

- चरण a. having only one foot.

-चारिन् a.

1 living alone, solitary.

-2 going alone or with one follower only.

-3 An atten- dant of Buddha. (

-णी) a loyal wife.

-चित्त a. thinking of one thing only, absorbed in one object.

(-त्तम्) 1 fixedness of thought upon one object.

-2 unanimity एकचित्तीभूय H.1 unanimously; ˚ता fixedness of mind, agreement, unanimity.

-चिन्तनम् thinking of only one object.

-चिन्मय a. Consisting of intelligence; Rāmt. Up.

-चेतस्, -मनस् a. unanimous; see ˚चित्त.

-चोदन a. Resting upon one rule. (

-नम्) referring to in the singular number.

-च्छत्र a. Ruled by one king solely.

-च्छायाश्रित a. Involved in similarity (of debt) with one debtor (said of a surety); Y.2.56.

-ज a.

1 born alone or single.

-2 growing alone (a tree); महानप्येकजो वृक्षो बलवान्सुप्रतिष्ठितः Pt.3.54.

-3 alone of its kind.

-4 uniform, unchanging.

-जः, -जा a brother or sister of the same parents.

-जटा N. of a goddess उग्रतारा.

-जन्मन् m.

1 a king.

-2 a Śūdra; see ˚जाति below.

-जात a. born of the same parents; Ms.9.148.

-जाति a.

1 once born.

-2 belonging to the same family or caste. (

-तिः) a Śūdra (opp. द्विजन्मन्); ब्राह्मणः क्षत्रियो वैश्यस्त्रयो वर्णा द्विजातयः । चतुर्थ एकजातिस्तु शूद्रो नास्ति तु पञ्चमः ॥ Ms.1.4;8.27.

-जातीय a. of the same kind, species or family. ˚अनुसमयः performance of one detail with reference to all things or persons, then doing the second, then the third and so on (see पदार्थानुसमय) Ms.5.2.1-2.

-जीववादः (in phil.) the assertion of a living soul only.

-ज्या the chord of an arc; sine of 3˚.

-ज्योतिस् m. N. of Śiva.

-तान a. con- centrated or fixed on one object only, closely attentive; ब्रह्मैकतानमनसो हि वसिष्ठमिश्राः Mv.3.11.

(-नः) 1 atten- tion fixed on one object only; A. Rām.6.2.2.

-2 musical harmony, = ˚तालः

-ताल a. Having a single palm tree; एकताल एवोत्पातपवनप्रेरितो गिरिः R.15.23.

-तालः harmony, accurate adjustment of song, dance, and instrumental music (cf. तौर्यत्रिकम्).

-लम् A kind of sculptural measurement. (

-ली) an instrument for beating time, any instrument having but one note.

-तीर्थिन् a.

1 bathing in the same holy water.

-2 belonging to the same religious order; क्रमेणाचार्यसच्छिष्य- धर्मभ्रात्रेकतीर्थिनः Y.2.137. -m. a fellow student, spiritual brother.

-तेजन a. Ved. having only one shaft (an arrow).

-त्रिंशत् f. thirty-one; ˚त्रिंश 31st.

-त्रिकः a kind of sacrifice performed in or lasting for a day.

-दंष्ट्रः, -दन्तः "one-tusked", epithets of Gaṇeśa (एकदंष्ट्रः) A kind of fever.

-दण्डिन् m.

1 N. of a class of Sannyāsins or beggars (otherwise called हंस). They are divided into four orders:-- कुटीचको बहूदको हंसश्चैव तृतीयकः । चतुर्थः परहंसश्च यो यः पश्चात्स उत्तमः ॥ Hārita.

-2 N. of a Vedantic school.

-दलः, -पत्रः N. of a plant (चन्डालकन्द).

-दिश् a. living in the same region or quarter.

-दुःखसुख a. sympathising, having the same joys and sorrows.

-दृश्, -दृष्टि a. one-eyed. -m.

1 a crow.

-2 N. of Śiva.

-3 a philosopher.

-दृश्य a. the sole object of vision, alone being worthy of being seen. तमेकदृश्यं नयनैः पिबन्त्यो Ku.7.64.

-दृष्टिः f. fixed or steady look.

-देवः the Supreme god.

-देवत, -दे(दै)वत्य a. devoted, directed or offered to one deity.

-देश a. occupying the same place.

(-शः) 1 one spot or place.

-2 a part or portion (of the whole), one side; ˚अवतीर्णा K.22; तस्यैकदेशः U.4; Mv.2; विभावितैकदेशेन देयं यदभियुज्यते V.4.33 'what is claimed should be given by one who is proved to have got a part of it'; (this is sometimes called एकदेशविभावितन्याय) ˚क्षाण a. partly burnt. एकदेशक्षाणमपि क्षाणमेव । ŚB. on MS.6.4.18.

-देशिन् a. consisting of parts or portions divided into parts. -m. A disputant knowing only part of the true state of the case.

-देह, -देहिन् a.

1 having only one body.

-2 elegantly formed.

(-हः) 1 the planet Mercury.

-2 (du.) Husband and wife.

-धनः a kind of jug with which water is taken up at certain religious ceremonies.

(-नम्) 1 an excellent gift.

-2 honorific offering.

-धनिन् a. obtaining an honorific offering,

-धर्मन्, -धर्मिन् a.

1 possessing the same properties of the same kind.

-2 professing the same religion.

-धुर, -धुरावह, -धुरीण a.

1 fit for but one kind of labour.

-2 fit for but one yoke (as cattle for special burden; P.IV.4.79).

-धुरा a particular load or con- veyance.

-नक्षत्रम् a lunar mansion consisting of only one star.

-नटः the principal actor in a drama, the manager (सूत्रधार) who recites the prologue.

-नयनः The planet Venus.

-नवतः ninety-first.

-नवतिः f. ninety-one.

-नाथ a. having one master.

(-थः) 1 sole master or lord.

-2 N. of an author.

-नायकः N. of Śiva.

-निश्चय a. come to the same conclusion or resolution, having the same aim. (

-यः) general agreement or con- clusion, unanimity.

-निपातः A particle which is a single word.

-निष्ठ a.

1 intently devoted or loyal (to one thing).

-2 intently fixed on one object.

-नेत्रः 1 N. of Śiva; (one-eyed).

-2 (With Śaivas) One of the eight forms of Vidyeśvara.

-पक्ष a.

1 of the same side or party, an associate.

-2 partial. (

-क्षः) one side or party; ˚आश्रयविक्लवत्वात् R.14.34; ˚क्षे in one point of view, in one case.

-पक्षीभावः The state of being the one alternative.

-पञ्चाशत् f. fifty-one.

-पतिक a. having the same husband.

-पत्नी 1 a faithful wife (perfectly chaste); तां चावश्यं दिवसगणनातत्परामेकपत्नीम् Me.1.

-2 the wife of a man who has no other wives; यो धर्म एकपत्नीनां काङ्क्षन्ती तमनुत्तमम् Ms.5.158.

-3 the wife of the same man; a co-wife; सर्वासामेकपत्नीनामेका चेत्पुत्रिणी भवेत् Ms.9. 183. ˚व्रतम् a vow of perfect chastity; कामेकपत्नीव्रतदुःख- शीलाम् Ku.3.7.

-पत्रिका the plant Ocimum Gratissimum (गन्धपत्रा; Mar. नागदवणी)

-पद्, -पाद् a.

1 one-footed, limping, lame.

-2 incomplete. (

-पाद्) m. N. of Śiva or Viṣṇu. (

-पदी) a foot-path (for a single man to walk on). एकपद्या तया यान्ती नलिकायन्त्रतुल्यया Śiva. B.28.66

-पद a.

1 one-footed.

-2 consisting of or named in one word.

(-दम्) 1 a single step.

-2 single or simple word.

-3 the time required to pronounce a single word.

-4 present time, same time;

(-दः) 1 a man having one foot.

-2 a kind of coitus (रतिबन्ध). (

-दे) ind. sudden- ly, all at once, abruptly; निहन्त्यरीनेकपदे य उदात्तः स्वरानिव Śi.2.95; R.8.48; K.45; V.4.3. (

-दा) a verse con- sisting of only one Pāda or quarter stanza.

(-दी) 1 a woman having one foot.

-2 a Gāyatrī consisting of one Pāda. गायत्र्यस्येकपदी Bṛi. Up.5.14.7.

-3 Foot-path (Mar. पाऊलवाट); इयमेकपदी राजन्यतो मे पितुराश्रमः Rām. 2.63.44.

-पर a. Ved. an epithet of the dice in which one is decisive or of pre-eminent importance.

-परि ind. one over or under, (a term at dice; cf. अक्षपरि). अक्षस्याह- मेकहरस्य हेतोः Rv.1.34.2.

-पर्णा 1 N. of a younger sister of Durgā.

-2 N. of Durgā.

-3 a plant having one leaf only.

-पलाशः a. a single Butea Frondosa.

-पाटला N. of a younger sister of Durgā; N. of Durgā.

-पाणः a single wager.

-पात a. happening at once, sudden.

-तः The first word of a Mantra (प्रतीक).

-पतिन् a.

1 sudden.

-2 standing alone or solitary. (

-नी) i. e. ऋक् a verse to be taken by itself or independently of the hymn to which it belongs.

-पाद a.

1 having only one foot; तत्र शिश्रिये$ज एकपादः Av.13.1.6.

-2 using only one foot.

(-दः) 1 one or single foot.

-2 one and the same Pāda.

-3 N. of Viṣṇu and Śiva.

-पादिका a kind of posture of birds.

-पार्थिवः Sole ruler or king; न केवलं तद्गुरुरेक- पार्थिवः R.3.31.

-पिङ्गः, -पिङ्गलः N. of Kubera; having a yellow mark in place of one eye; (his eye was so made on account of a curse uttered by Pārvatī when he cast an evil eye at her;) Dk.2.4.

-पिण्ड a. united by the offering of the funeral rice-ball;

˚ता, -त्वम् consanguinity.

-पुत्र a. having only one son.

-पुरुषः 1 the Supreme Being; वेदान्तेषु यमाहुरेकपुरुषम् V.1.1;

-2 the chief person. a. Consisting of only one man. तथैकपुरुषं राष्ट्रम् Bhāg.6.5.7.

-पुष्कलः (रः) N. of a musical instrument (Mar. काहल); ततः प्रयाते दाशार्हे प्रावाद्यन्तैकपुष्कराः Mb.5.94.21.

-प्रकार a. of the same kind.

-प्रख्य a. singularly like.

-प्रभुत्वम् sole sovereignty.

-प्रयत्नः one effort (of the voice).

-प्रस्थः a measure.

-प्रहारिक a. killed by one blow. Mk.8.

-प्राणयोगः union in one breath.

-बुद्धि a. having only one thought.

-भक्त a.

1 serving one master only.

-2 worshipping one deity.

-3 eating together. (

-भूक्तम्) N. of a religi- ous ceremony; eating but one meal (a day) Mb.3; Y.3.318. ˚व्रतम् eating but once a day as a religious observance.

-भक्ति a.

1 believing in one deity.

-2 firmly devoted; तेषां ज्ञानी नित्ययुक्त एकभक्तिर्विशिष्यते Bg.7. 17. -f. eating but one meal a day.

-भार्या a faithful or chaste wife. तामेकभार्यां परिवादभीरोः R.14.86 (

-र्यः) one having one wife only.

-भाव a. of the same or one nature.

-2 sincerely devoted.

-3 honest, sincerely disposed.

(-वः) 1 one feeling, the same or unchanged devotion; दुर्ग्राह्यत्वान्नृपतिमनसां नैकभावाश्रयाणां सेवाधर्मः परमगहनः Pt.1.285;3.65. स्वतेजसा सत्त्वगुणप्रवाहमात्मैकभावेन भजध्वमद्धा Bhāg.

-2 oneness, agreement. cf. एको भावः सदा शस्तो यतीनां भवितात्मनाम्

-भूत a.

1 being one, undivided

-2 concentrated, closely attentive.

-भूमः a palace having one floor.

-भोजन, -भुक्त a.

1 eating but one meal.

-2 eating in common.

-मति a.

1 fixed on one object.

-2 unanimous, thinking in the same way.

-मनस् a. thinking with another, of one thought; ते निर्यान्तु मया सहैकमनसो येषामभीष्टं यशः Mu.2.13.

-2 fixing the mind upon one object, closely attentive; गच्छन्तमेकमनसम् Mb.1.42.36. एकमनाः श्रोतुमर्हति देवः M.2.

-मात्र a. of one syllable.

-मुख a.

1 having the face directed towards one place, direction of object; सहस्रं स एकमुखो ददाति Av.9.4.9.

-2 having the same aim.

-3 having one chief or head; द्यूतमेकमुखं कार्यम् Y.2.23.

-4 having one door or entrance (as a मण्डप).

(-खम्) 1 gambling.

-2 a kind of fruit (रुद्राक्षफल).

-मूर्धन् = ˚मुख q. v. Av.8.9.15.

-मूला = अतसी q. v.

-यष्टिः, -यष्टिका a single string of pearls.

-योनि a.

1 uterine.

-2 of the same family or caste; एतद्विधानं विज्ञेयं विभाग- स्यैकयोनिषु Ms.9.148.

-रजः the plant भृङ्गराज (Mar. माका).

-रथः An eminent warrior; Mb.3.

-रश्मि a. Lustrous Mb.4.

-रस a.

1 finding pleasure only in one thing, of one flavour; रसान्तराण्येकरसं यथा दिव्यं पयो$श्नुते R.1.17.

-2 of one feeling or sentiment only; साहस˚ U.5.21 influenced only by rashness; विक्रम˚ K.7; भावैकरसं मनः Ku.5.82; M.3.1; Bv.2.155; Śi.6.26; V.1.9.

-3 of one tenor, stable, equable; Māl.4.7; U.4.15.

-4 solely or exclusively devoted (to one); अबलैकरसाः R.9.43,8.65.

(-सः) 1 oneness of aim or feeling.

-2 the only flavour or pleasure. (

-सम्) a drama of one sentiment.

-राज्, -राजः m. an absolute king; प्राङ् विशाम्पतिरेकराट् त्वं वि राज Av.3.4.1. a. Shining alone, alone visible; स वा एष तदा द्रष्टा नाप- श्यद् दृश्यमेकराट् Bhāg.3.5.24.

-रात्रः a ceremony lasting one night. (

-त्रम्) one night; एकरात्रं तु निवसन्नतिथिर्ब्राह्मणः स्मृतः Ms.3.12.

-रात्रिक a. lasting or sufficient for one night only.

-राशिः 1 a heap, crowd.

-2 a sign of the zodiac. ˚भूत a. collected or heaped together.

-रिक्थिन् m. a coheir; यद्येकरिक्थिनौ स्यातामौरसक्षेत्रजौ सुतौ Ms.9.162.

-रूप a.

1 of one form or kind, like, similar; आसवः प्रतिपदं प्रमदानां नैकरूपरसतामिव भेजे Ki.9.55.

-2 uniform, one-coloured; Rv.1.169.2.

(-पम्) 1 one form or kind;

-2 The knowledge of reality. विमोचयत्येकरूपेण Sāṅ. K.63. ˚ता uniformity, invariableness; क्षणद्युतीनां दधुरेकरूपताम् Ki.8.2.

-रूप्य a. formed or arising from one.

-लिङ्गः 1 a word having one gender only.

-2 N. of Kubera. (

-ङ्गम्) a place in which for five krośas there is but one लिङ्ग (Phallus); पञ्चक्रोशान्तरे यत्र न लिङ्गान्तरमीक्ष्यते । तदेकलिङ्गमाख्यातं तत्र सिद्धिरनुत्तमा ॥ Śabdak.

-वचनम् the singular number.

-वर्ण a.

1 of one colour.

-2 identical, same.

-3 of one tribe or caste.

-4 involving the use of one letter (˚समीकरण).

(-र्णः) 1 one form.

-2 a Brāhmaṇa.

-3 a word of one syllable.

-4 a superior caste. (

-र्णी) beating time, the instru- ment (castanet); ˚समीकरणम् an equation involving one unknown quantity.

-वर्णिक a.

1 of one colour.

-2 of one caste.

-वर्षिका a heifer one year old.

-वस्त्र, -वसन a. having only one garment, in one dress (without उत्तरीय). (

-स्त्रम्) a single garment.

-वाक्यम् one or unanimous opinion; एकवाक्यं विवव्रः R.6.85 raised a unanimous cry; ˚ता consistency in meaning, unanimity, reconciling different statements, syntactical unity; प्रकरणाच्च ज्योतिष्टोमेनैकवाक्यता स्यात् । ŚB. on MS.1. 5.37.

-वाक्यकृ 8 U. To effect syntactical unity, to construe as one sentence. तस्मात् प्रकृतानां... देवतानामन्यतमया देवतया प्रकृतत्वादेकवाक्यतां कृत्वा देवतामवगमिष्यामः । ŚB. on MS.1. 8.5.

-वाक्यया 2 P. (with instrumental) To form one sentence with, to be syntactically connected with; न वै कृतं कर्म प्राकृतैरङ्गपदार्थैः सहैकवाक्यतां याति । ŚB. on MS.1. 1.2.

˚त्वम् syntactical unity. The state of forming or being one sentence; एकवाक्यत्वाच्च । Ms.1.1.8.

-वाचक a. Synonymous.

-वादः 1 a kind of drum or tabor (Mar. डफ).

-2 the unitarian doctrine, monotheism.

-वारम्, -वारे ind.

1 only once.

-2 at once, suddenly.

-3 at one time.

-वासस् a. Clothed in only one garment.

-वासा A woman; Nigh.

-विंश a. twenty-first; consisting of twentyone. (

-शः) the Ekaviṁśa- ṣ&tod;oma; Av.8.9.2.

-विंशक a. The twentyfirst; दश पूर्वान्परान् वंश्यानात्मानं चैकविंशकम् । ब्राह्मीपुत्रः सुकृतकृन्मोचयेदेनसः पितॄन् ॥ Ms.3.37.

-कम् The number twentyone; Y.3.224.

-विंशतिः f. twentyone.

-विजयः Complete victory; Kau. A.12.

-विध a. of one kind; simple.

-विलोचन a. one-eyed; see एकदृष्टि.

-विषयिन् m. a rival (having a common object or end in view).

-वीरः a pre-eminent warrior or hero; धर्म˚ Mv.5.48.

-रा N. of a daughter of Śiva, a deity.

-वृक्षः 1 one tree.

-2 a district in which but one tree is seen for 4 Krośas.

-वृत f. heaven.

-वृन्दम 1 a peculiar disease of the throat.

-2 one heap or collection.

-वृषः Ved. the chief bull; the best or most excellent of a number.

-वेणिः, -णी f. a single braid of hair (worn by a woman as a mark of her separation from her hus- band &c.); गण्डाभोगात्कठिनविषमामेकवेणीं करेण Me.93; ˚धरा Ś.7; धृत˚ Ś.7.21.

-वेश्मन् n. a solitary house or room; विप्रदुष्टां स्त्रियं भर्ता निरुन्ध्यादेकवेश्मनि Ms.11.176.

-व्यवसायिन् a. following the same profession.

-व्याव- हारिकाः N. of a Buddhist school.

-शत a. 11 st. (

-तम्) 11; अत्रैतदेकशतं नाडीनां Prasna. Up.3.6.

-शक a. whole-hoofed. (

-फः) an animal whose hoof is not cloven (as a horse, ass &c.); अजाविकं सैकशफं न जातु विषमं भजेत् Ms.9.119.

-शरणम् the sole recourse or refuge (especially applied to a deity).

-शरीर a. of one body or blood, consanguineous. ˚अन्वयः consan- guineous descent. ˚अवयवः a descendant in a right line, blood-kinsman. ˚आरम्भः commencement of consangui- nity by the union of father and mother.

-शल्यः A kind of fish; Rām.5.11.17.

-शाख a. having one branch. (

-खः) a Brāhmaṇa of the same branch or school.

-शायिन् a. Sleeping alone, chaste; Mb.13.

-शाला A single hall or room; (

-लम् A house consisting of one hall; Matsya P.

-शीर्षन् = ˚मुख q. v. Av.13.4.6.

-शुङ्ग a. having one sheath. (

-ङ्गा) N. of a medicinal plant.

-शुल्कम् One and the same purchase money (given to the parents of a bride); अन्यां चेद्दर्शयित्वा$न्या वोढुः कन्या प्रदीयते । उभे ते एकशुल्केन वहेदित्यब्रवीन्मनुः ॥ Ms.8.24.

-शृङ्ग a. having only one horn.

(-ङ्गः) 1 a unicorn; rhinoceros.

-2 N. of Viṣṇu.

-3 a class of Pitṛis.

-4 a mountain having one top.

-शेपः a tree having one root.

-शेषः 'the remainder of one', a species of Dvandva compound in which one of two or more words only is retained; e. g. पितरौ father and mother, parents, (= मातापितरौ); so श्वशुरौः, भ्रातरः &c.

-श्रुत a. once heard. ˚धर a. keeping in mind what one has heard once.

-श्रुतिः f.

1 monotony.

-2 the neutral accentless tone. (

-ति) ind. in a monotonous manner.

-श्रुष्टि a. Ved. obedient to one command.

-षष्ट a. sixty-first.

-षष्टिः f. sixty-one. ˚तम a. sixty first.

-संस्थ a. dwelling in one place; R.6.29.

-सप्तत, ˚तितम् a. seventy-first.

-सप्ततिः f. seventy-one.

-सभम् a common place of meeting.

-सर्ग a. closely attentive. (

-र्गः) concentration.

-सहस्रम् 11 or one thousand; वृषभैकसहस्रा गा दद्यात्सुचरितव्रतः Ms.11.127.

-साक्षिक a. witnessed by one.

-सार्थम् ind. together, in one company.

-सूत्रम् N. of a small double drum played by a string and ball attached to the body of it (Mar. डमरू).

-स्तोमः N. of Soma ceremony.

-स्थ a.

1 being or centred in one place; in one man; ज्ञानमेकस्थमाचार्ये...... शौर्यमेकस्थमाचार्ये Mb.7.188.45. Ku. 1.49; हन्तैकस्थं क्वचिदपि न ते चण्डि सादृश्यमस्ति Me.16.

-2 close-standing, standing side by side.

-3 collected, combined.

-स्थानम् one or the same place; एकस्थाने प्रसूते वाक् Pt.4.5.

-2 Standing closely; विपक्षेणापि मरुता यथैकस्थानवीरुधः Pt.3.53.

-हंसः the chief or highest Haṁsa (an allegorical designation of the soul). हिरण्मयः पुरुष एकहंसः Bṛi. Up.4.3.11.

-हायन a. one year old; त्रस्तैकहायनकुरङ्गविलोलदृष्टिः Māl.4.8; U.3.28. (

-नी) a heifer one year old. (

-नम्) the period of one year.

Sanskrit-English dictionary > लॄ _lॄ
15 begin

begin

A to begin with adv phr

1 ( at first) au début, au départ ; I didn't understand to begin with au début je n'ai pas compris ;

2 ( firstly) d'abord, premièrement ;

3 ( at all) I wish I hadn't told her to begin with pour commencer, je n'aurais jamais dû lui en parler.

B vtr ( p prés - nn- ; prét began ; pp begun)

1 ( start) commencer [journey, list, meeting, job, game, meal] (with par, avec) ; se lancer dans [adventure] ; aller à [school] ; to begin to do commencer à faire ; it's beginning to rain il commence à pleuvoir ; to begin doing commencer à faire ; I began the letter (with) ‘Dear Sir’ j'ai commencé la lettre par ‘Monsieur’ ; ‘well …,’ she began ‘eh bien…,’ commença-t-elle ; I begin work next week je commence à travailler la semaine prochaine ; the builders begin work on Tuesday les ouvriers commencent les travaux mardi ; they began laughing ou to laugh again ils ont recommencé à rire ;

2 ( start to use) entamer, ouvrir [bottle, packet, jar] ; entamer [loaf] ; commencer [notebook, page] ;

3 ( start out) débuter [career] (as comme) ; I began life as a farmer's son je suis fils de fermier ; we began married life in Scotland quand nous étions jeunes mariés nous habitions en Écosse ; this novel began life as a short story ce roman a d'abord vu le jour sous la forme d'une nouvelle ;

4 ( have slightest success) I can't begin to describe it il m'est impossible de le décrire ; I don't begin to understand vraiment, je ne comprends pas ; I couldn't begin to imagine how he felt je ne pouvais vraiment pas imaginer ce qu'il éprouvait ;

5 ( initiate) provoquer [debate, dispute] ; lancer [campaign, trend] ; commencer [tradition] ; déclencher [war] ; fonder [dynasty] ; to begin a conversation with engager la conversation avec ;

6 ( come first in) marquer le commencement de [series, collection, festival] ; A begins the alphabet l'alphabet commence par A.

C vi ( p prés - nn- ; prét began ; pp begun)

1 ( commence) [custom, meeting, play, problem, storm, term] commencer ; let's begin commençons ; to begin with commencer par ; to begin by doing commencer par faire ; a name beginning with C un nom qui commence par C ; the week beginning the 25th la semaine qui commence le 25 ; to begin in 1995/in May commencer en 1995/en mai ; your problems have only just begun! tes problèmes ne font que commencer! ; to begin well/badly bien/mal commencer ; to begin again recommencer ; after the war began après le début de la guerre ; before the lecture begins avant le début de la conférence ;

2 ( have its starting point) [river] prendre sa source ; the road begins in York la route part de York ; where does the national park begin? où commence le parc national?

Phrasal verb

■ begin on:

▶ begin on [sth] attaquer [cake, garden].

Big English-French dictionary > begin
16 lever

lever [l(ə)ve]

➭ TABLE 5

1. transitive verb

   a. ( = soulever) [+ poids, objet] to lift ; [+ main, bras, tête] to raise ; [+ vitre] to wind up

• levez la main put your hand up

• lève les pieds quand tu marches pick your feet up when you walk

• lever les yeux to look up

• lever l'ancre to weigh anchor ; (figurative) (inf) to make tracks (inf)

• lever les yeux au ciel to raise one's eyes heavenwards

• lever le camp to break camp ; ( = partir) to clear off (inf)

• lever le siège to raise the siege ; ( = partir) to clear off (inf)

• lever la patte (pour uriner) to lift its leg

• lever le pied ( = ralentir) to slow down

• lever la main sur qn to raise one's hand to sb

• lever le rideau to raise the curtain

• lever son verre à la santé de qn to raise one's glass to sb

   b. ( = arrêter) [+ blocus] to raise ; [+ séance, audience] to bring to an end ; [+ obstacle, difficulté, scellés] to remove ; [+ interdiction, sanction, restriction] to lift ; [+ ambiguïté] to clear up ; [+ immunité parlementaire] to take away

• on lève la séance ? (inf) shall we call it a day?

   c. ( = prélever) [+ impôts] to levy ; [+ fonds] to raise ; (Cards) [+ pli] to take ; [+ morceau de viande] to remove

• lever les filets d'un poisson to fillet a fish

   d. ( = chasser) [+ lapin] to start ; [+ perdrix] to flush ; [+ femme] (inf!) to pick up (inf)

   e. ( = sortir du lit) [+ enfant, malade] to get up

2. intransitive verb

[plante, blé] to come up [pâte] to rise

3. reflexive verb

► se lever

   a. ( = se mettre debout) to stand up

• se lever de table/de sa chaise to get down from the table/get up from one's chair

• le professeur les fit se lever the teacher made them stand up

• levez-vous ! stand up!

   b. ( = sortir du lit) to get up

• se lever tôt to get up early

• ce matin, il s'est levé du pied gauche he got out of bed on the wrong side this morning

• il faut se lever de bonne heure pour le convaincre ! (inf) you'll have your work cut out to persuade him

   c. [soleil, lune] to rise ; [jour] to break ; [vent] to get up ; [brume] to lift ; [rideau, main] to go up

• le soleil n'était pas encore levé the sun had not yet risen

• ça se lève the weather is clearing

4. masculine noun

   a. lever de soleil sunrise

• le lever du jour daybreak

• il partit dès le lever du jour he left at daybreak

• le lever du rideau ( = commencement d'une pièce) curtain up

• en lever de rideau as a curtain-raiser

   b. ( = réveil) prenez trois comprimés au lever take three tablets when you get up

* * *

I
1. ləve
verbe transitif

1) ( dresser) gén to raise

lever la main or le doigt — ( pour parler) to put up one's hand

lever la main sur quelqu'un — ( frapper) to raise a hand to somebody

lever les bras au ciel — to throw up one's hands (de in)

lève les pieds quand tu marches! — don't drag your feet!

lever les yeux or la tête — ( regarder) to look up (sur, vers at)

sans lever les yeux — [dire, répondre] without looking up; [travailler, étudier] without a break

2) ( soulever) to lift [objet]; to raise [barrière]

lever son verre — to raise one's glass (à to)

lever le rideau — Théâtre to raise the curtain

lever les filets — ( à la pêche) to haul in the nets

3) ( sortir du lit) to get [somebody] up [enfants, malade]

4) ( mettre fin à) to lift [embargo, contrôle]; to raise [siège]; to dispel [doute, mystère]; to end [tabou, secret, audience]; to remove [obstacle, difficultés]; to close [séance]

5) ( collecter) to raise [capitaux, fonds]; to levy [impôt]

6) ( recruter) to levy [troupes]

7) ( débusquer) to flush out [gibier]

lever un lièvre — lit to start a hare

2.

verbe intransitif

1) Culinaire [pâte] to rise

2) Agriculture [semis, blé] to come up

3.

se lever verbe pronominal

1) ( sortir du lit) to get up

il faut se lever de bonne heure (colloq) pour comprendre ce qu'il dit — fig you need to be pretty (colloq) clever to understand what he says

2) ( se mettre debout) to stand up

se lever de sa chaise — to rise from one's chair

se lever de table — to leave the table

‘accusé, levez-vous!’ — Droit ‘the accused will stand’

3) ( s'insurger) [personne, peuple] to rise up ( contre against)

4) ( apparaître) [soleil, lune] to rise ( sur over)

le jour se lève — it's getting light

5) ( s'agiter) [vent] to rise; [brise] to get up; ( s'éclaircir) [nuages, brume] to clear; [temps] to clear up

II ləve
nom masculin

1) ( sortie du lit)

être là au lever des enfants — to be there when the children get up

2) Géographie = levé 3.

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- lever du jour

- lever de rideau

- lever du soleil

* * *
ləve
1. vt

1) [vitre, bras] to raise

Levez vos verres! — Raise your glasses!

Levez la main si vous connaissez la réponse. — Put your hand up if you know the answer.

lever les yeux — to look up

2) [objet lourd] to lift, to raise

Je n'arrive pas à le lever. — I can't lift it.

3) [interdiction, siège] to lift, [difficulté] to remove

4) [séance] to close

la séance est levée — the meeting is closed

5) [impôts, armée] to levy

6) CHASSE, [lièvre] to start, [perdrix] to flush

7) * [fille, garçon] to pick up, to pull *

2. vi

CUISINE, [pâte] to rise

3. nm

1) (après le réveil)

au lever — on getting up

2) [astre]

au lever du soleil — at sunrise, when the sun rises

3)

au lever du rideau — when the curtain goes up

* * *

lever verb table: lever

A nm

1 ( sortie du lit) au lever, boire un jus de fruit on getting up, drink some fruit juice; être là au lever des enfants to be there when the children get up;

2 Géog ⇒ levé C.

B vtr

1 ( dresser) gén to raise [main, doigt, bras, poing, sourcil, jambe]; lever la main or le doigt ( pour parler) to put up one's hand; lever la main sur qn ( pour frapper) to raise one's hand to sb; lever les bras au ciel to throw up one's hands (de in); lever le pied gén to lift up one's foot; ( ralentir) lit, fig to slow down; ( partir)○ to clear off○; lève les pieds quand tu marches! pick your feet up when you walk!; lever les yeux or la tête ( regarder) to look up (sur, vers at); ne pas lever les yeux or le nez○ de qch not to look up from sth; sans lever les yeux [dire, répondre] without looking up; [travailler, étudier] without a break; lever les yeux au ciel to raise one's eyes to heaven; lever la patte○ ( uriner) [chien] to cock a leg; il a levé la patte contre l'arbre it cocked its leg up against the tree; lever son cul◑ to get off one's arse◑ GB ou ass◑ US; ⇒ doigt;

2 ( soulever) to lift [objet]; to raise [barrière]; lever un chargement de quelques mètres to lift a load a few metres^GB; lever son verre to raise one's glass (à to); lever le rideau Théât to raise the curtain; lever une vitre Aut to wind up a window; lever les filets Pêche to haul in the nets;

3 ( sortir du lit) to get [sb] up [enfants, malade];

4 ( mettre fin à) to lift [embargo, sanction, peine, contrôle]; to raise [siège]; to dispel [doute, malentendu, ambiguïté, mystère]; to end [tabou, secret, isolement, audience]; to remove [obstacle, difficultés, incertitude]; to close [séance];

5 ( collecter) to raise [capitaux, fonds]; to levy [impôt];

6 ( recruter) to levy [troupes];

7 Fin to take up [actions, achat à terme]; lever une option to exercise an option;

8 Chasse ( débusquer) to flush out [gibier, perdrix]; lever un lièvre lit to start a hare; fig to open a can of worms;

9 Géog lever un plan to carry out a survey;

10 Culin ( découper) lever un filet (de poisson) to fillet a fish; lever une cuisse de poulet to carve a chicken leg;

11 ○( séduire) to pick up○ [homme, femme, client].

C vi

1 Culin [pâte] to rise;

2 Agric, Hort [semis, blé] to come up.

D se lever vpr

1 ( sortir du lit) to get up; se lever tôt/la nuit to get up early/in the night; avoir du mal à se lever to find it difficult to get up; il faut se lever de bonne heure○ pour comprendre ce qu'il dit you need to be pretty clever○ to understand what he says; ⇒ gauche;

2 ( se mettre debout) to stand up; se lever de sa chaise to rise from one's chair; il l'a aidée à se lever he helped her to her feet; se lever pour applaudir to rise to one's feet to applaud; se lever de table to get up from the table; ‘accusé, levez-vous!’ Jur ‘the accused will stand’; se lever sur ses étriers Équit to stand on one's stirrups; ‘lève-toi et marche’ ‘arise, take up thy bed and walk’;

3 ( se dresser) [partie du corps] to rise; des mains se sont levées some hands went up; des poings se lèvent fists are being shaken;

4 ( s'insurger) [personne, peuple] to rise up (contre against);

5 ( apparaître) [soleil, lune] to rise (sur over); le soleil va se lever the sun is about to rise; le jour se lève it's getting light;

6 Météo ( s'agiter) [vent] to rise; [brise] to get up; ( s'éclaircir) [nuages, brouillard, brume] to clear; [temps] to clear up;

7 Théât le rideau se lève the curtain rises (sur on).

Composés

lever des couleurs Mil raising of the colours^GB; lever du drapeau raising of the flag; lever du jour daybreak; au lever du jour at daybreak; lever de rideau ( début de la représentation) curtain up; ( prélude) curtain raiser; partir au/manquer le lever de rideau to leave at/to miss curtain up; en lever de rideau, match Ali-Chang as a curtain raiser, Ali vs Chang match; lever du roi Hist King's levee; assister au lever du roi to be present at the King's levee; lever du soleil sunrise; au lever du soleil at sunrise.

I

[ləve] nom masculin

1. [apparition]

le lever du soleil sunrise

le lever du jour daybreak, dawn

2. [fait de quitter le lit]

elle boit un grand verre d'eau au lever she drinks a big glass of water as soon as she gets up ou first thing in the morning

le lever du roi the levee of the king

3. THÉÂTRE

au lever de rideau when the curtain goes up

un lever de rideau [pièce] a curtain raiser

4. [d'un plan] survey

II

[ləve] verbe transitif

A.

1. [faire monter] to raise, to lift

[soulever] to lift

[redresser] to lift up

lève la vitre close the window

levons nos verres à sa réussite let's raise our glasses to ou let's drink to his success

lever le rideau THÉÂTRE to raise the curtain

lever l'ancre to weigh anchor

lever l'étendard de la révolte to rise up in revolt, to raise the banner (of rebellion)

2. [diriger vers le haut - partie du corps] to lift, to raise

lever la tête to lift ou to raise one's head

lever le pied [automobiliste] to drive slowly

lever les yeux [de son livre etc.] to look up

lever les yeux au ciel to lift up ou to raise one's eyes to heaven

le chien lève la patte the dog cocks its leg

lever les bras au ciel to lift up ou to raise one's arms to heaven

lever le cœur à quelqu'un to turn somebody's stomach

3. [sortir du lit]

lever quelqu'un to get somebody up, to get somebody out of bed

B.

1. [ramasser - filets de pêche] to raise ; [ - courrier, impôt] to collect

2. [dessiner - carte] to draw (up)

3. CUISINE [viande] to carve

lever les filets d'un poisson to fillet a fish

4. [faire cesser - blocus, interdiction] to lift ; [ - séance, audience] to close ; [ - scrupules, ambiguïté] to remove ; [ - punition] to lift ; [ - obstacle] to get rid of, to remove

5. BOURSE

lever une valeur to take up a security

lever des titres to take delivery of stock

lever une option to take up an option

6. JEUX to pick up (separable)

lever les cartes to take ou to pick up a trick

C.

1. CHASSE to flush

2. (très familier) [séduire] to pull (très familier), to pick up (très familier)

3. MILITAIRE [mobiliser] to raise

————————

[ləve] verbe intransitif

1. [pousser - blé] to come up (inseparable)

2. CUISINE to rise, to prove

————————

se lever verbe pronominal intransitif

1. [monter] to go up

je vois une main qui se lève au fond de la classe I see a hand going up at the back of the class

tous les yeux ou regards se levèrent vers elle all eyes turned towards her

le rideau se lève sur un salon bourgeois the curtain rises on a middle-class drawing room

2. [se mettre debout] to stand up, to rise

se lever de sa chaise to get up ou to rise from one's chair

ne te lève pas de table! don't leave the table!

se lever contre (figuré) to rise up against

il est temps que les hommes de bonne volonté se lèvent it is time for men of goodwill to stand up and be counted

3. [sortir du lit - dormeur] to get up, to rise (littéraire) ; [ - malade] to get up

je ne peux pas me lever le matin I can't get up ou I can't get out of bed in the morning

se lever avec le soleil to be up with the lark

pour la prendre en défaut il faut se lever tôt ou de bonne heure! (figuré) you'd have to be on your toes to catch her out!

pour trouver du bon pain ici, tu peux te lever de bonne heure you've got your work cut out finding ou you'll be a long time finding good bread round here

ils m'ont encore fait lever aux aurores aujourd'hui they got me up at the crack of dawn today

4. [apparaître - astre] to rise ; [ - jour] to dawn, to break

5. MÉTÉOROLOGIE [vent] to get up

[brume] to lift, to clear

[orage] to break

le temps se lève [il fait meilleur] the sky's clearing (up)

6. (littéraire) [surgir, naître] to rise (up)

l'espoir commença à se lever dans tous les cœurs hope welled up in everyone's heart

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > lever
17 संक्रमण

saṉ-krámaṇa
n. going orﾠ meeting together, union with, entrance into, transference to (loc. dat., orﾠ comp.) ĀṡvṠr. Hariv. etc.;

entrance appearance, commencement (esp. of old age) Hariv. ;
the sun's passage from one sign of the zodiac to another ( alsoﾠ ravi orﾠ sūrya-s-) Jyot. ;
the day on which the sun's progress north of the equator begins MW. ;
passage into another world, decease death MBh. R. ;
a means of crossing ṠBr. ;
(in alg.) concurrence (said to be a general designation of a partic. class of problems) Col

Sanskrit-English dictionary > संक्रमण
18 opening

1. n отверстие, щель; просвет

opening in a wall — щель в стене

opening between bars — щель между арматурными стержнями

valve opening — отверстие клапана аэрозольной упаковке

there is an opening underneath — внизу есть отверстие

free-flooding opening — открытое забортное отверстие

deck tonnage opening — палубное тоннажное отверстие

2. n расщелина; проход

created an opening — проделал проход

opening driving — проходка выработки

create an opening — проделывать проход

creating an opening — проделывание прохода

3. n опушка

4. n начало; вступление, вступительная часть

opening of a speech — начало речи

opening speech — вступительная речь, вступительное слово

opening of hostilities — начало боевых действий

opening assets — активы вступительного баланса

opening statement — вступительное заявление

opening remark — вступительное замечание

5. n открытие; раскрытие

to watch the opening of a flower — наблюдать за тем, как распускается цветок

letter of credit opening — извещение об открытии аккредитива

split opening — резкое понижение курса при открытии биржи

opening pressure surge — гидравлический удар при открытии

buying on opening — покупка по ценам на момент открытия

opening the gate for — открывающий путь; открытие пути

6. n театр. открытие сезона; премьера; первое представление

before the opening there had been two dress rehearsals — перед первым спектаклем было две генеральных репетиции

opening night — премьера

opening snap — тон открытия

opening date — дата открытия

opening round — первый раунд

file opening — открытие файла

7. n кино первая демонстрация фильма, премьера, первый экран

opening page — первая страница

opening line — первый основной рубеж

opening line of barrage — первый рубеж

opening paragraph — первое предложение

opening sitting — первое заседание; открытие

8. n благоприятная возможность, удобный случай

good openings for business — благоприятные деловые перспективы

an opening for trade — благоприятная обстановка для торговли

to make an opening — воспользоваться возможностью

9. n вакансия

opening in a bank — место в банке

10. n амер. вырубка в лесу; просека, прогалина

wrench opening — зев ключа

joint opening — раскрытие шва

root opening — угол раскрытия шва

opening of the spanner — зев гаечного ключа

11. n амер. выставка мод в университете

предварительное заявление защитника

12. n спец. зев; раствор

jaw opening — раствор

roll opening — раствор валков

width ofjaw opening — раствор клещей

edger opening — раствор вертикальных валков

13. n горн. подготовительная выработка; вскрытие

opening scheme — схема вскрытия

opening method — способ вскрытия

containers opening — вскрытие тары

paunch opening — вскрытие желудков

opening notch — надрез для вскрытия

14. n горн. выход на поверхность

opening price — цена открытия

contact-hole opening — вскрытие контактного окна

15. n горн. архит. проём

16. n горн. тех. калибр

17. n горн. спорт. незащищённое для атаки место

clean-out opening — лаз для очистки

tap opening — отверстие для выпуска

letter opening — отверстие для почты

hatch opening — вырез в палубе для люка

mask opening — вскрытие окон для диффузии

18. n горн. шахм. дебют

English opening — «английское начало»

19. a первый, начальный

opening lines of a poem — первые строки стихотворения

opening inventory — начальная инвентаризация

opening stage of war — начальный период войны

opening witness — свидетель, первый по порядку

opening of the play — первое представление пьесы

20. a вступительный, открывающий

opening address — вступительная речь

opening sequence — вступительные кадры

outward opening — открывающийся наружу

opening chevron — открывающий символ "<"

opening span — открывающийся пролет моста

opening automatically — автоматически открывающийся

21. a исходный

opening range — исходная дальность

opening narrative — исходные данные

opening bid — исходное предложение цены

opening situation — исходная обстановка

Синонимический ряд:

1. hole (noun) aperture; breach; break; chasm; cleft; crack; discontinuity; fissure; gap; hole; orifice; outlet; tear; vent

2. opportunity (noun) availability; chance; look-in; occasion; opportunity; possibility; shot; show; squeak; time; vacancy

3. start (noun) alpha; beginning; birth; commencement; dawn; dawning; day spring; genesis; inauguration; inception; initiation; launching; leadoff; nascence; onset; opening gun; origin; outset; outstart; setout; spring; start

4. breaching (verb) breaching; disrupting; holing; rupturing

5. convening (verb) convening; meeting; sitting

6. disclosing (verb) disclosing; displaying; exposing; revealing; unclothing; uncovering; unveiling

7. expanding (verb) expanding; extending; fan out; fanning out; outspreading; outstretching; spreading; unfolding

8. opening (verb) approaching; beginning; clearing; commencing; embarking; embarking on; embarking upon; entering; getting off; inaugurating; initiating; jumping off; kicking off; launching; leading off; opening; set out; set to; setting to; starting; take on; take up; taking up; teeing off; undertaking

9. undoing (verb) unclosing; undoing; unstopping

Антонимический ряд:

closing; conclusion; enclosure; end; obstruction; termination

English-Russian base dictionary > opening
19 start

1. n начало

from start to finish — с начала до конца

a start in life — начало жизненного пути

captured start — начал съемку

start of roll — начало обката

start of text — начало текста

start of work — начало работы

recording start — начало записи

2. n отправление

we shall make an early start for town — рано утром мы отправимся в город

3. n тех. начало движения; пуск, запуск

start of printing — начало печатания

automatic start — автоматический пуск

capacitor start — конденсаторный пуск

start of exercises — начало упражнения

hot start — запуск из горячего состояния

4. n ав. взлёт

deck start — взлёт с палубы

5. n воен. начало атаки

start time — время начала атаки

start of fillet — начало переходной кривой

running start — начало упражнения с разбега

start of significance — начало значащих цифр

lead time before the start of — время до начала

right from your very start — прямо с самого начала

6. n косм. запуск двигателя

start of the diesel — пуск дизеля

underwater start — подводный пуск

auto start — автоматический запуск

start exposure — запуск экспозиции

remote start — дистанционный запуск

7. n спорт. старт

high start — высокий старт

individual start — раздельный старт

trial start — пробный старт

standing start — старт с места

sharp start — технический старт

false start — фальстарт

start line — линия старта

good start — хороший старт

crouch start — низкий старт

flying start — старт с хода

air start unit — воздушный стартер

head start — рывок вперёд на старте

8. n преимущество

get the start of — опередить; получить преимущество перед

9. n спорт. гандикап

he gave me a start of 10 yards — он дал мне фору 10 ярдов

10. n вздрагивание; рывок

to give a start — вздрогнуть

quick start — рывок с места

11. n редк. порыв, приступ

12. n разг. неожиданность

to get off to a slow start — медленно развёртываться ;

13. v отправляться, пускаться в путь, трогаться

to start on a journey — отправиться в поездку

start out — отправляться в путь

to start on a tour — отправляться в путешествие

14. v отправлять

to start a train — отправлять поезд

15. v направляться

to start north — направляться на север

16. v начинать; приступать

to start a quarrel — затеять ссору

to start a fresh loaf of bread — начать новую буханку хлеба

we must start work at once — мы должны немедленно приступить к работе

when do I start? — когда мне приступить ?

start off — начинать говорить

capture start — начинать съемку

make a fresh start — снова начинать

make false start — неудачно начинать

start a meeting — начинать совещание

17. v начинаться

how did the war start? — как началась война?

start a — начинать с

start over — начинать

start from — начинать с

start over with — начинать с

18. v порождать, начинать

to start a rumour — пустить слух

to start with a clean slate — начинать всё сначала, начинать новую жизнь

19. v зажечь

to start a cigar — закурить сигару

20. v вздрагивать, пугаться

he starts at every noise — он вздрагивает при каждом шорохе

21. v арх. заставить вздрогнуть, испугать

22. v вскакивать; выскакивать

to start from sleep — внезапно проснуться

23. v сдвигать; расшатывать

the damage was trifling, not a rivet was started — повреждение было незначительным, ни одну заклёпку не вырвало

24. v сдвигаться; расшатываться

his tooth started — у него расшатался зуб

25. v вылезать, выступать

his eyes started from their sockets — у него глаза на лоб полезли

26. v полигр. выступать

27. v политься, хлынуть

blood started from the wound — из раны хлынула кровь

28. v выливать; переливать

to start the beer into a new cask — перелить пиво в другой завести, обзавестись

to start a horse — завести себе лошадь

29. v выращивать, разводить

to start chicks — разводить цыплят

30. v спорт. стартовать

five cars started but only three finished — стартовало пять машин, а к финишу пришло только три

31. v спорт. давать старт

to start the ball in play — ввести мяч в игру

he had a good head start — он здорово всех обошёл на старте

32. v спорт. быть участником отборочных соревнований

Синонимический ряд:

1. advantage (noun) advantage; allowance; bulge; draw; edge; handicap; head start; odds; vantage

2. beginning (noun) alpha; beginning; birth; commencement; dawn; dawning; day spring; debut; genesis; inauguration; inception; initiation; launching; leadoff; nascence; onset; opening; opening gun; origin; outset; outstart; setout; spring

3. jump (noun) bolt; jump; startle

4. scare (noun) fit; jerk; scare; shock; spasm; turn; twitch

5. activate (verb) activate; launch; propel

6. begin (verb) approach; arise; begin; commence; depart; embark; embark on; embark upon; enter; get off; inaugurate; initiate; issue; jump off; kick off; lead off; open; set forth; set out; set to; take on; take up; tee off; undertake

7. found (verb) constitute; create; establish; found; inaugurate; initiate; institute; organise; organize; originate; set up

8. recoil (verb) blanch; blench; flinch; quail; recoil; shrink; shy; squinch; wince

9. startle (verb) bolt; jerk; jump; spring; startle; twitch

Антонимический ряд:

end; finish; stop

English-Russian base dictionary > start
20 prime

prime [praɪm]

1 adjective

(a) (foremost) premier, primordial; (principal) premier, principal; (fundamental) fondamental;

∎ one of the prime causes of heart disease une des principales causes des maladies cardiaques;

∎ our prime concern is to avoid loss of life notre préoccupation principale est d'éviter de faire des victimes;

∎ of prime importance de la plus haute importance, d'une importance primordiale

(b) (perfect) parfait; (excellent) excellent;

∎ in prime condition (person) en parfaite santé; (athlete) en parfaite condition; (car, antique, stamp) en parfait état;

∎ it's a prime example of what I mean c'est un excellent exemple de ce que je veux dire;

(c) Mathematics (number) premier;

∎ 10 is prime to 11 10 et 11 sont premiers entre eux

2 noun

(a) (best moment)

∎ to be in one's prime or in the prime of life être dans la fleur de l'âge;

∎ the prime of youth la fleur de la jeunesse;

∎ I'm past my prime je ne suis plus dans la fleur de l'âge;

∎ these roses look a bit past their prime ces roses sont plutôt défraîchies;

∎ these curtains look a bit past their prime ces rideaux ont vu des jours meilleurs;

∎ when Romantic poetry was in its prime lorsque la poésie romantique était à son apogée

(b) Mathematics (prime number) nombre m premier; (mark) prime f

(c) (beginning) commencement m

(d) Religion prime f;

∎ to say/sing the prime dire/chanter prime;

∎ archaic at prime à l'aube, au point du jour

(e) Fencing prime f

(f) Chemistry atome m simple

(g) Music son m fondamental

3 transitive verb

(a) (gun, machine, pump) amorcer;

∎ to prime sb with drink faire boire qn;

∎ familiar he was well primed il était bien parti;

∎ figurative to prime the pump faire repartir la machine, remettre les choses en route

(b) (brief → person) mettre au courant;

∎ to prime sb for a meeting préparer qn à une réunion;

∎ he is well primed in local politics il est bien renseigné sur la politique locale;

∎ the witnesses had all been primed by the police les dépositions des témoins leur avaient été suggérées par la police

(c) (with paint, varnish) apprêter

4 intransitive verb

Technology (boiler) primer, avoir des projections d'eau

►► prime beef bœuf m de première catégorie;

Finance prime bill papier m commercial de premier ordre;

Finance prime bond obligation f de premier ordre;

prime cost prix m de revient;

prime cut (of meat) morceau m de premier choix;

Finance prime lending rate taux m de base bancaire;

prime location site m idéal;

prime meridian premier méridien m, méridien m origine;

prime minister Premier ministre m;

prime ministership, prime ministry fonctions fpl de Premier ministre;

∎ during her prime ministership pendant qu'elle était Premier ministre;

prime mover Physics force f motrice; Philosophy cause f première; figurative (person) instigateur(trice) m,f;

Mathematics prime number nombre m premier;

prime quality première qualité f;

Finance prime rate taux m d'escompte bancaire préférentiel, prime rate m;

American prime rib (UNCOUNT) ≃ côte f de bœuf;

Television prime time heures fpl de grande écoute, prime time m

✾ Book ✾ Film 'The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie' Spark, Neame 'Le Bel âge de Miss Brodie' (roman), 'Les Belles années de Miss Brodie' (film)

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > prime

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commencement meeting

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